中国水生植物群落构建与优化配置研究进展  

Research Progress on Construction and Optimal Allocation of Aquatic Plant Communities in China

作　　者：程娜 刘来胜[2] 徐建新 霍炜洁[2] 殷淑华[2] CHENG Na;LIU Laisheng;XU Jianxin;HUO Weijie;YIN Shuhua(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《人民珠江》2019年第12期90-96,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：“妫水河世园会及冬奥会水质保障与流域生态修复技术和示范”(2017ZX07101004)

摘　　要：水生植物可有效去除水体污染物,提升水质和水域景观功能,修复受损生态系统,被广泛应用于水污染治理和水生态修复工程中。由于人工构建和配置的水生植物群落抗干扰能力和稳定性远不如自然状态下的水生态系统,因此如何合理构建水生植物群落,优化配置其群落结构,成为了利用水生植物进行水生态修复的关键。在全面综述水生植物群落构建和优化配置基础理论和研究现状的基础上,对水生植物构建的目标区域进行了分析,强调了水域空间单元细分对水生植物配置的重要性。通过解析物种选择与搭配、水域立体空间配置、不同季节植物组合3个制约水生植物群落构建的关键环节,为构建健康稳定的水生态系统提供了优化路径。在建设水生态文明和“河湖长制”的宏观背景下,提出了加强水生植物群落配置模式选择与优化研究的建议,强化了运行期的跟踪监测,配置模式和效用评价等相应的管理模式研究。Aquatic plants can effectively remove water pollutants,improve water quality and landscape functions,and repair damaged ecosystems,so they are widely used in water pollution control and aquatic ecological restoration projects.The anti-interference ability and stability of artificially constructed and allocated aquatic plant communities are far less than the that of water ecosystem under natural conditions,so it is key to rationally construct aquatic plant communities and optimize the allocation of community structure during application of aquatic plants for aquatic ecological restoration.Based on a comprehensive review of the basic theory and research status of construction and optimal allocation of aquatic plant communities,this paper analyzes the target construction areas of aquatic plant,emphasizes the importance of subdivision of spatial units of water area for aquatic plant allocation,provides the optimal path for the construction of a healthy and stable aquatic ecosystem by analyzing the three key factors(including species selection and collocation,water space allocation and plant combinations in different seasons)that restrict the construction of aquatic plant communities,and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the research on the selection and optimization of aquatic plant community allocation modes,improve the follow-up monitoring during the operation period and management of allocation modes and its efficiency evaluation under the macro background of the construction of aquatic ecological civilization and“River Chief System and Lake Chief System”.

关 键 词：水生植物 优化配置 功能分区 生态修复 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]