2016年-2017年西安地区农村饮用水中氟化物、硝酸盐氮、氯化物、硫酸盐调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of fluoride, nitrate nitrogen, chloride and sulfate in Xi’an rural drinking water in 2016 and 2017

作　　者：赵桂鹏[1] 吴春艳 沈讷敏[1] 刘佳[1] 张祎伟 安建博[1] ZHAO Gui-peng;WU Chun-yan;SHEN Ne-min;LIU Jia;ZHANG Yi-wei;AN Jian-bo(Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Xian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xian,Shaanxi 710054,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,陕西西安710054 [2]西安交通大学第二附属医院临床营养科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2019年第22期2769-2774,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(陕西省科技厅,2015SF288);西安市卫生局科研项目(No.J2014043)

摘　　要：目的了解西安地区农村饮用水中氟化物、硝酸盐氮、氯化物、硫酸盐的分布特征、变化趋势、合格状况,为西安地区农村饮用水改造工程提供科学依据。方法采集2016年、2017年西安地区农村饮用水水样,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.5—2006)对水样进行保存、运输并检验,结果判定依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)。结果西安地区农村饮用水2016年与2017年氟化物、氯化物、硫酸盐的含量变化无统计学意义(Z=-0.81、-0.23、-0.86,P>0.05),硝酸盐氮2年间差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.49,P<0.05),具体到各个区县,周至县、高陵区的氟化物变化有统计学意义;鄠邑区的氟化物和硝酸盐氮变化有统计学意义;西安地区农村饮用水在7个区县间氟化物、氯化物、硫酸盐含量变化有统计学意义(H值分别为339.34、424.66、361.85,P<0.05),氯化物、硫酸盐存在极强的正相关(r=0.88,P<0.05),且西安地区东北部的氯化物、硫酸盐含量远高于南部。氟化物的超标率各区县间无统计学意义(P>0.05),氯化物、硫酸盐在临潼区、高陵区、阎良区含量较高,超标率临潼区高于高陵区、阎良区(P<0.05)。结论西安地区农村饮用水中氟化物、硝酸盐氮含量在2016年、2017年有一定的变化,氯化物与硫酸盐有极强的正相关,且东北部的氯化物、硫酸盐含量高于南部,4个指标超标率均不高,但个别超标水样会危害当地居民身体健康,水质管理部门应继续加强水质监测和改水措施,保障人民群众饮水安全。Objective To understand the distribution,change and their eligibility of fluoride,nitrate nitrogen,chloride and sulfate in Xi'an rural drinking water,so as to provide scientific basis for the water quality improvement project of Xi'an rural drinking water supply.Methods Rural drinking water samples from Xi'an in 2016 and 2017 were collected,stored,transported and examined according to standard examination methods(GB/T5750.5-2006),and the results were assessed according to Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2006).Results There was no statistical significance on the difference in the contents of fluoride,chloride and Sulfate in Xi'an rural drinking water in 2016 and 2017(Z=-0.81,Z=-0.23,Z=-0.86,P>0.05).The difference of nitrate nitrogen was statistically significant between the two years(Z=-2.49,P<0.05).To the districts,the changes of fluoride both in Zhouzhi District and Gaoling District were statistically significant.There was statistical significance on the differences in fluoride and nitrate nitrogen in Huyi District.The content changes of fluoride,chloride and sulfate in 7 counties in Xi'an rural water supply were statistically significant(H=339.34,H=424.66,H=361.85,P<0.05),there was a strong positive correlation between chloride and sulfate(r=0.88,P<0.05),and the contents of chlorides and sulfate in the northeast region were much higher than that in the southern region.There was no statistical significance on the difference in the over standard rate of fluoride between the regions(P>0.05).The contents of chloride and sulfate are much higher in Lintong District,Gaoling District and Yanliang District.And the surpassing rates in Lintong was higher than that in Gaoling and Yanliang(P<0.05).Conclusion The contents of fluoride and nitrate nitrogen in Xi'an rural drinking water changed in 2016 and 2017.There is a strong positive correlation between chlorides and sulfate in Xi'an rural drinking water,and the contents of chloride and sulfate in the northeast region is much higher than that in the southern.The

关 键 词：农村饮水 氟化物 硝酸盐氮 氯化物 硫酸盐 水质分析 

分 类 号：R155.51[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]