自主性的历史坐标 中国三线建设时期《湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范》(BJG20-66)的编制研究  

Historical Coordinates of Self-Reliance A Compilation Study of Building Code for Collapsible Loess Area (BJG20-66) in the Early Days of the Third Front Construction in China

作　　者：朱晓明[1] 吴杨杰 ZHU Xiaoming;WU Yangjie

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《时代建筑》2019年第6期58-63,共6页Time + Architecture

基　　金：国家社科重大项目(17ZDA207);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978471)

摘　　要：中国西部多处在黄土地区,黄土遇水湿陷引发了大量建筑工程事故,特别是三线建设时期建设工程量剧增,因"山、散、洞"的要求,对湿陷性黄土的技术处理变得越发具有应用价值。文章以1966年颁布的《湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范》(BJG 20-66)为核心,通过与苏联规范的详细对比,结合具体工程例证,分析了该规范的编制过程及所具有的中国特色技术要点。指出中国建筑规范从无到有,从苏联援助到自主编制,其历程反映了追求技术自立的组织程序、自主理念和措施。《湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范》是中国第一部自主编制的建筑规范,对顺利推进三线建设具有较强的指导意义。The western part of China is dominated by loess.Loess landslide caused a lot of construction disasters,especially during the third front construction period the amount of construction work in the west increased sharply.Due to the requirements of "mountain,scattered and cavern",the technical treatment of collapsible loess becomes more and more valuable.Based on the Building Code for Collapsible Loess Areas(BJG 20-66) promulgated by the Ministry of Construction of China in 1966,this paper analyzes the preparation process of the code.It points out that the design code is the cornerstone for ensuring the safety of buildings.China’s building codes starting from scratch,from Soviet aid to independent evolution,its development reflects the organizational procedures and autonomy of pursuing technological self-reliance.Building Code for Collapsible Loess Areas is the first building code independently compiled by Chinese experts,which has remarkable application significance for the grand projects during the construction of the third front as well.

关 键 词：三线建设 建筑规范 湿陷性黄土 苏联援助 自主性 

分 类 号：TU981.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU27