中国土壤碱解氮含量与影响因子的空间关系研究  

The Spatial Relationship between Soil Alkeline-nitrogen Content and Environmental Factors in China

作　　者：朱梓弘 朱同彬[1] 杨霖 罗柳玲 谢银财 ZHU Zihong;ZHU Tongbin;YANG Lin;LUO Liuling;XIE Yingcai(Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Karst Dynamics Laboratory,MLR&GZAR,Guilin 541004,China;China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/国土资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2019年第11期2199-2207,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专题“断陷盆地土壤障碍消减与质量提升技术”(2016YFC0502503);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项“岩溶区土壤氮关键转化过程研究”(YYWF201637)

摘　　要：不同地区之间的地域差异,使以往针对土壤碱解氮与影响因子关系的研究存在着相互矛盾的结论。为比较不同环境条件下土壤碱解氮含量空间分异潜在主导因子的一致性与差异性,基于现有的GIS数据,采用地理探测器的研究方法,分别以全国及自然区划尺度为研究单位分析中国土壤碱解氮含量空间分异的潜在主导因子。结果表明,(1)从全国尺度上看,土地利用方式与气温及降水的共同作用主导了中国土壤碱解氮含量的空间分异过程。不同土地利用方式下土壤碱解氮含量的差异大致表现为林地(147 mg·kg^-1)>草地(113 mg·kg^-1)>耕地(103 mg·kg^-1)>水域(95 mg·kg^-1)>建设用地(92 mg·kg^-1)>未利用地(55 mg·kg^-1)。在此基础上,气温与降水的变化进一步改变了地表的环境条件与植被状况,使得土壤碱解氮含量在大区尺度上发生更复杂的变化。(2)从自然区划尺度上看,影响土壤碱解氮含量空间分异的潜在主导因子存在一致性,但同时也存在差异。中国东部湿润季风区土壤碱解氮主要受气温影响。而在西部干旱区,降水以及坡度对碱解氮的作用相对较大。此外,在地形条件复杂的亚热带常绿阔叶林带、温带森林草原带及青藏高原区,海拔高度的变化对土壤碱解氮含量的影响最显著。因此,该研究认为影响土壤碱解氮含量空间分异的潜在主导因子会因其所处环境条件的不同而存在明显差异,但这些主导因子在一定程度上均能够有效反映各自然区划带的基本环境特征。Due to the regional differences among different study regions,previous studies had a lot of contradictory conclusions on the relationship between soil alkeline-nitrogen content and influencing factors.In order to compare the consistency and difference,the potential dominant factors of the spatial distribution on soil alkeline-nitrogen content were analyzed by the geographical detector,which was based on the GIS data under the national scale and the natural divisions scale.The results of this study were as follows:(1)In the national scale,the comprehensive role of land use patterns and climate conditions leaded to the nationwide soil alkaline-nitrogen space differentiation.The difference of soil alkeline-nitrogen content under different land use patterns was generally manifested as forest(147 mg·kg^-1)>grassland(113 mg·kg^-1)>cropland(103 mg·kg^-1)>water(95 mg·kg^-1)>construction>unused land(55 mg·kg^-1).On the basis of land use,temperature and precipitation further affected the environment and vegetation conditions on the surface,which made the distribution of soil alkeline-nitrogen more complex on a national scale.And(2)in different comprehensive physical regionalization,the potential dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of soil alkeline-nitrogen existed consistent,but there were also significant differences.In humid monsoon region of eastern China,soil alkeline-nitrogen was mainly affected by temperature.However,in the western arid region,precipitation and slope had a relatively large influence on soil alkeline-nitrogen.Moreover,in the area with complicated topographic conditions,such as subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,temperate forest steppe and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the variation of elevation had the most important effect on soil alkeline-nitrogen content.Therefore,this study was concluded that the spatial distribution of soil alkal-hydrolyzed nitrogen shared the consistent potential factors while also significantly different exited.These dominant factors can effectively reflect

关 键 词：土壤碱解氮 地理探测器 综合自然区划 主导因子 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学] X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]