氨唑草酮的水解、挥发及其在水-沉积物系统中的降解特性  

Hydrolysis, volatility and degradation of amicarbazone in water-sediment system

作　　者：何开雨 汤涛[1] 宣彩迪 吴园园 何红梅[1] 吴珉[1] 赵学平[1] 徐霞红[1] 王强[1] HE Kaiyu;TANG Tao;XUAN Caidi;WU Yuanyuan;HE Hongmei;WU Min;ZHAO Xueping;XU Xiahong;WANG Qiang(State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products(in Prepared),Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室(筹)农业农村部农药残留检测重点实验室浙江省农业科学院农产品质量标准研究所

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2019年第12期2057-2063,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：省部共建农产品质量安全国家重点实验室开放课题(2010DS700124-KF1911)

摘　　要：为评价氨唑草酮的环境安全性,参照国家标准GB/T 31270—2014的要求,采用室内模拟法研究了氨唑草酮在不同温度和不同pH值缓冲溶液中的水解特性、在不同环境介质中的挥发特性,以及在2种水-沉积物系统中的降解特性。结果表明:氨唑草酮在25℃时,在pH值为4或7的缓冲液中水解半衰期均长于365 d,在pH值为9的缓冲液中水解半衰期为90.0 d,属于难水解至中等水解农药。在20~25℃、气体流速500 mL·min-1的条件下,氨唑草酮在空气、水和土壤中的挥发率均小于1%,属于难挥发农药。氨唑草酮在湖泊(杭州西湖)水-沉积物系统和河流(京杭大运河)水-沉积物系统中的降解符合一级动力学方程,好氧降解半衰期分别为408 d和630 d,厌氧降解半衰期分别为248 d和990 d,在水-沉积物系统中属于难降解农药。In order to evaluate the risk of amicarbazone in the environment,the hydrolysis,volatility and degradation characteristics of amicarbazone in water,soil and water-sediment system were investigated by laboratory tests according to the national standard GB/T 31270—2014.At 25℃,the half-life periods of hydrolysis were>365 d,>365 d and 90 d in buffer solutions with pH of 4,7,and 9,respectively.The volatility rate of amicarbazone in air,water and soil was less than 1%under the conditions of 20-25℃and 500 mL·min-1 gas flow rate,which suggested amicarbazone was difficult to volatilize.The degradation of amicarbazone in lake(West Lake)and river(Grand Channel)water-sediment system accorded with the first-order kinetic equation.The degradation half-life period of amicarbazone in lake and rive water-sediment system was 408 d and 630 d,respectively,in aerobic conditions,and was 248 d and 990 d,respectively,in anaerobic conditions.These results indicated that amicarbazone was hard to degrade in water-sediment system.

关 键 词：氨唑草酮 水解 挥发性 降解 水-沉积物系统 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]