硝酸盐注入方式对抑制硫酸盐还原菌活性的影响  

Effect of Different Nitrate Injection Methods on Inhibition of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria in Oil Reservoirs

作　　者：王大威[1,2] 张世仑 靖波 杜君[1,3] 景宏 马挺 WANG Dawei;ZHANG Shilun;JING Bo;DU Jun;JING Hong;MATing(State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation,Beijing 100028,P R of China;China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute,Beijing 100028,P R of China;Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd,Tianjin 300452,P R of China;Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology,Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P R of China)

机构地区：[1]海洋石油高效开发国家重点实验室,北京100028 [2]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028 [3]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300452 [4]南开大学生命科学学院分子微生物学与技术教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《油田化学》2019年第4期712-716,723,共6页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：十三五国家科技重大专项“海上油田化学驱油技术”（项目编号2016zx05025003）

摘　　要：生物竞争排斥技术具有价格低廉、处理范围大、操作简单的特点,已经成为硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)油藏治理的重要方法,但现场注入工艺一直是限制该技术使用效果的主要瓶颈。在室内模拟地层条件,通过向地层水中注入硝酸盐类SRB抑制剂(每日注入或一次性注入等量药剂),促进水中的硝酸盐还原菌(NRB)大量生长扩增,以控制SRB的菌体数量与代谢活性,研究了硝酸盐注入方式对水中SO4^2-、NO^3-、NO^2-、H2S浓度和SRB、NRB菌体数量的影响。结果表明,与一次性加药组相比,每日加药组中SO4^2-浓度下降速度和幅度大,NO^3-和NO^2-浓度较低;两种加药方式均不产生H2S。治理初期一次性注入药剂对NRB的增殖效果明显优于每日注入的效果;治理中后期SRB受到抑制后,持续加入NO^3-的效果要优于一次性加入。在SRB治理过程中,前期投入过量的硝酸盐来刺激NRB的生长进而抑制SRB产生S^2-,后期使用小剂量药剂持续注入的方法来维持抑制效果。Since bio-competitive exclusion(BCX)is low in cost,broad in processing range and simple in operation,it has become an important technology for the management of sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)in the reservoir.However,the on-site injection process has remained a main bottleneck,limiting the use of BCX technology.Simulating the formation condition,the SRB inhibitor(nitrates)were injected into formation water daily or at one time during a laboratory research,which eventually facilitated the breeding of nitrate-reducing bacteria(NRB).In this case,the amount and metabolism of SRB were under control.This research aimed to evaluate the influence of different nitrates injection on the concentration of SO4^2-,NO^3-,NO^2-and H2S and the quantities of SRB and NRB.The results showed that compared with the injection at one time,daily injection could not restrict the decrease of SO4^2-effectively while NO^3-and NO^2-remained a low level.Moreover,both methods did not produce H2S.In the early stage of management,injection at one time produced more NRB than the daily injection.In the late stage,SRB was restricted,and daily injection presented a more inhibitive effect.During the SRB management,excessive nitrate was injected in the early stage to stimulate the growth of NRB and inhibit SRB.Later,small dosage of drugs with continuous injection could be used to maintain the above inhibitive effect.

关 键 词：生物竞争排斥技术 硫酸盐还原菌 硝酸盐还原菌 硝酸盐 注入方式 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]