负压灌溉下施钾促进紫叶生菜生长和根际微生物多样性的研究  

Effects of potassium application on growth and rhizosphere microbial diversity of purple leaf lettuce under negative pressure irrigation

作　　者：高翔[1] 张淑香[1] 龙怀玉[1] GAO Xiang;ZHANG Shu-xiang;LONG Huai-yu(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第6期149-153,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA102901)

摘　　要：在温室中利用负压灌溉装置进行盆栽试验,研究了施钾水平对紫叶生菜的产量、品质、养分吸收、钾肥利用效率、抗氧化能力和根际微生物多样性等指标的影响。结果表明:1)施用钾肥量为300 kg/hm^2时紫叶生菜的产量、品质和营养吸收量高于其他处理。2)施肥量300 kg/hm^2处理在钾肥贡献率、钾肥农学利用率和钾肥吸收利用率表现最佳。3)225 kg/hm^2和300 kg/hm^2处理的抗氧化能力要高于其他处理。4)300 kg/hm^2处理在OTU、Chao 1和香农指数数值最好,比150 kg/hm^2处理分别高出了17%、16%和4%。综合各项指标考虑,在负压灌溉水肥一体化装置下钾肥施用量在300 kg/hm^2时,提高了紫叶生菜的产量和品质,促进养分的吸收和抗氧化能力,显著提高了钾肥的利用率和根际土微生物的多样性。The pot experiments were conducted with a negative pressure irrigation(NPI)system in greenhouse,to study the effects of potassium(K)application levels on yield,quality,nutrient uptake,K fertilizer use efficiency,antioxidant capacity and rhizosphere microbial diversity of purple lettuce.The results showed that:1)The yield,quality and nutrient uptake of purple lettuce were higher than those of other treatments when the application of K fertilizer was 300 kg/hm^2.2)The 300 kg/hm^2 treatment showed that the best performance in K contribution rate,K agronomic utilization rate and K absorption and utilization rate.3)The antioxidant capacity of 225 kg/hm^2 and 300 kg/hm^2 treatments was higher than that of other treatments.4)The values of OTU,Chao 1 and Shannon index were the best in 300 kg/hm^2 treatment,which were 17%,16% and 4% higher than 150 kg/hm^2 treatment,respectively.Considering various indicators,the application of 300 kg/hm^2 K fertilizer under NPI of integrated device of water and fertilizer is the optimal rate,which promotes the growth and quality of purple lettuce,uptakes nutrients and antioxidant capacity,the utilization rate of K fertilizer,and the diversity of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil.

关 键 词：紫叶生菜 负压灌溉 钾肥 产量和品质 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]