李渔《闲情偶寄·词曲部》“文贵洁净”说的理论意义  

Theoretical Significance of "Articles Focusing on Concision" in the Li Yu’s Poems and Verses of Wild Flowers of the Wayside and Woodland

作　　者：李玫[1] LI Mei(Institute of Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2019年第6期26-34,共9页Journal of Tongren University

摘　　要：李渔在《闲情偶寄〃词曲部》"宾白第四"中,阐发了他关于戏曲传奇宾白创作的理论主张。其中"文贵洁净"一则,主要论述行文要简省这一论点。李渔的阐释内涵丰富,指出了文学作品中,语言的多与少,并非单纯以数量论,与文字所表现的内容和语言本身的意、韵相关。文字的"多"与"少"之间存在一种辩证关系,对"多"与"少"的判断,接受者的主观感受也参与其间。李渔论"文贵洁净",继承和发扬了前人诗文理论及戏曲理论中的精华,不仅对戏曲宾白创作有指导意义,实际上也从理论上揭示了文学语言的特质。李渔"文贵洁净"理论主张内涵深厚,借鉴前人诗文理论及戏曲理论基础上,亦有创见。清代文人评论李渔的戏曲小说及诗歌创作时有所抉发,从李渔践行其理论主张的实绩来看,"文贵洁净"这一观点对文学及戏曲创作有重要指导作用。In the"fourth spoken parts"of Poems and Verses of Wild Flowers of the Wayside and Woodland"written by LI Yu,his theoretical proposition on the creation of the opera legend-spoken parts is expounded.Among them,"Articles Focusing on Concision"mainly discusses the argument that the writing should be simplified.The explanation made by LI Yu has rich connotation,pointing out that in literary works,more or less languages are not only based on quantity theory,but are related to the content expressed by words and the meaning and rhyme of the language itself.There is a dialectical relationship between"more"and"less"words.The subjective feelings of the recipients are also involved in the judgment of"more"and"less".Li Yu’s theory of"Articles Focusing on Concision"inherits and carries forward the essence of predecessors’theories in poetry and traditional Chinese operas.It is not only of guiding significance to the creation of spoken parts of traditional Chinese operas,but actually reveals the characteristics of literary language in theory.Li Yu’s"Articles Focusing on Concision"theory advocates profound connotation,and has original ideas on the basis of predecessors’theories in poetry and traditional Chinese operas.Scholars in the Qing Dynasty have made some critical comments on LI Yu’s creation of traditional Chinese operas,novels and poetry.Judging from Li Yu’s achievements in practicing his theoretical proposition,the view of"Articles Focusing on Concision"plays an important guiding role in the creation of literature and traditional Chinese operas.

关 键 词：李渔 文贵洁净 诗文理论 戏曲理论 戏曲传奇 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]