清代“国家意识”在贵州苗疆地方社会的实践——以清水江地区为个案  

The Practice of “National Consciousness” in Qing Dynasty in the Local Society of Miaojiang in Guizhou: a Case Study on Qingshuijiang Area

作　　者：姜明[1] 石君勇 王健[1] JIANG Ming;SHI Junyong;WANG Jian(School of Eithnological Study,Kaili Uninersity,Kaili,Guizhou,556011,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里学院民族研究院

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期147-153,共7页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家级、省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“从宗教科仪文书看清水江中下游地区的土地信仰——以剑河县磻溪镇《土地科》等为例”(201710669034)

摘　　要：清王朝在"改土归流"初期致力于地方秩序的重建,重建的背后隐含着"正统"意识形态作为秩序构建的标准。礼仪是"教化"的重要途径,帝国希望借助建立神祠来作为礼仪植入地方进行教化的工具,使民"服教畏神",作为维持社会秩序的重要手段。但是在礼仪实践过程中,因地方文化的影响,而与国家礼法产生了冲突。通过对"改土归流"初期的"秩序建构"到国家礼仪在地方社会的实践过程的分析,对国家制度与地方社会之间的互动进行粗略勾勒。In Qing dynasty,at the beginning of“The bureaucratization of native officers”,efforts were made to the reconstruction of the local social order which implied the idea that the ideology of“orthodoxy”was the standard of order building.Etiquette was an important way of“enlightenment”.The empire hoped to use the establishment of shrines as a tool of enlightenment to implant it into the local society,making the people“obey enlightenment and fear the gods”,and turn the etiquette system into an important means to maintain social order.However,in the practice of the etiquette system,due to the influence of culture,there was a conflict with the imperial etiquette system.Through the analysis of the process from“order construction”in the early stage of“the bureaucratization of native officers”to the local social practice of the state etiquette system and,this paper roughly outlines the interaction between state system and local society.

关 键 词：国家礼仪 教化 文化实践 土地信仰 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]