射电天线归心测量的关键问题分析  

Analysis of key problems in local survey for radio telescopes

作　　者：马小辉 孙中苗[2,3] 张志斌[4] 张丽萍 MA Xiaohui;SUN Zhongmiao;ZHANG Zhibing;ZHANG Liping(School of Geospatial Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi'an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering,Xi'an 710054 China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,河南郑州,450001 [2]西安测绘研究所,陕西西安,710054 [3]地理信息工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安,710054 [4]中国科学院上海天文台,上海,200030

出　　处：《测绘科学与工程》2019年第5期1-7,共7页Geomatics Science and Engineering

摘　　要：并址站的高精度本地连接信息对提高综合地球参考框架的精度具有十分重要的意义,而VLBI天线的高精度归心测量又是开展包含VLBI的并址站本地连接工作的关键。本文针对归心测量的概念、发展、应用及当前测量中所存在问题展开讨论,明确了参考点的概念,阐述了射电天线参考点、相位中心、天线不动点之间的区别与联系,提出了参考点的四大特性:代表性、统计性、时变性和多源性。通过归纳总结国内外归心测量工作中所使用的各种方法,探讨了归心测量中需要考虑的关键问题,包括无人值守与有人值守、限定天线指向与非限定天线指向、误差源等因素的优缺点及影响,可为射电天线归心测量实施提供参考。High precision local tie information of co-location sites are very important for the accuracy improvement of the terrestrial reference frame,and the high-precision local survey of VLBI telescope is the key to the local tie of co-location sites including VLBI.In this paper, the concept,development,application and existing problems in current local survey are discussed in detail. The concept of reference point is defined,the daferences and connections between reference point,phase center and fixed point of radio telescope are expounded,and the representative,statistical,time-varying and multi-source characteristics of reference point are put foward.Various methods used in the local survey at home and abroad are summarized to discuss the key problems in the process,including the advantages,disadvantages and influences of unattended and manned observation,limited and non-limited radio telescope directions,error sources and other factors.The conclusions can provide a reference for the implententation of local survey of radio telescope.

关 键 词：甚长基线干涉测量 归心测量 参考点 相位中心 国际地球参考框架 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]