后现代主义解构历史的一种策略:否定历史的客观性  

One of Strategies of Deconstructing History by Postmodernism:Denying the Objectivity of History

作　　者：邱紫华[1,2] 吴妮妮 QIU Zihua;WU Nini(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Central China Normal University,430079,Wuhan,China;Institute of Oriental Aesthetics and Culture,Central China Normal University,400379,Wuhan,China;Art Center,Tsinghua University,100084,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学东方美学与文化研究所,武汉430079 [3]清华大学艺术教育中心,北京100084

出　　处：《北方工业大学学报》2019年第4期1-7,14,共8页Journal of North China University of Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“后现代哲学与禅宗哲学的同构性研究”(12YJA751048)

摘　　要：后现代主义质疑并批判近代以来所确立的启蒙精神和理性主义思想的各种原则和规范。在历史学领域内,其重点是否定理性主义历史观所宣扬的"历史的客观性"。后现代主义历史哲学从两个方面否定"历史的客观性":其一是立足于"视角主义",认为历史家的观察和记录都有个人的不同的视角,这样,人们对历史的解释就是多视角的、多元的、多向度的、歧义的、多视角的,因此历史无客观性。其二是认为,历史编纂和文献是诗性的、主观创作的成果,历史的本质是诗性的,不具有客观性。历史辩证法认为,人们编纂的历史材料、文献记录、历史著作既是主观的产物,又具有客观性;它们既是历史的内容,又是历史的形式。Postmodernism questioned and criticized the principles and norms of the enlightenment spirit and rationalism thought,which established in modern times. In the field of history,the key point is to deny the "historical objectivity"advocated by the historical view of rationalism. The historical philosophy of postmodernism denies the "objectivity of history"from two aspects. One is based on the perspective of"view doctrine",which thinks that historians have different perspectives on the observation and record. So history has no objectivity. The second is that the history and literature are not only poetic,but also the results of subjective creation. So the essence of history is poetic,not objectivity. According to the historical dialectics,the historical materials,literature records and historical works edited by people are both subjective and objective. They are both historical content and historical form.

关 键 词：后现代主义 解构 历史的客观性 视角主义 不确定性 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]