Research on the Patterns and Evolution of Ecosystem Service Consumption in the “Belt and Road”  

“一带一路”生态系统服务消耗格局与演变（英文）

作　　者：ZHANG Changshun ZHEN Lin LIU Chunlan LIANG Yihang 张昌顺;甄霖;刘春兰;梁一行(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院大学,北京100049;北京市环境保护科学研究院.北京100037;长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710000)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection,Beijing 100037,China [4]School of Earth Science and Resource,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710000,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2019年第6期621-631,共11页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Strategic Leading Science and Technology Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Category A)(XDA20010202);The National Key Research&Development Program of China(2016YFC0503403)

摘　　要：With great significance in ecosystem protection and sustainable development,the study of ecosystem service consumption(ESC)has become a hot topic in ecological research.Based on FAOSTAT data,in this study the patterns,composition and evolution of ESC and ecosystem service consumption patterns(ESCP)in the“Belt and Road"were revealed on the total and regional scales,taking consumed-biomass as a main indicator.Three main conclusions were reached.1)The total ESC was mainly contributed from farmland ecosystems along the"Belt and Road",followed by grassland ecosystems.The ESC indicators on the whole system scale fluctuated,but increased from year 2000 to year 2016.The total ESC increased from 12911.89 Tg yr_1 to 16810.00 Tg yr^1,and the annual per capita consumption of ecosystem services increased from 3.3228 million g p_1 yr'1 to 3.6392 million g p_1 yr'1.2)The ESC,composition and evolution varied significantly among countries,zones and ecosystems.The annual per capita ESC was highest in Mongolia on the national scale,and highest in Central and Eastern Europe and lowest in Southeast Asia on zone scale,which represented the results from the joint effects of regional resource endowments,consumption habits,levels of productive forces,and other factors.3)Higher farmland ESC was the dominant ESCP,which accounted for about 76.7%of the total area along the"Belt and Road",followed by higher farmland+higher grassland ESC,which accounted for about 19.0%of the total area.The other consumption patterns(i.e.,those of higher grassland ESC,higher forestland ESC or higher farmland+higher forest+higher grassland ESC)were found in only a few countries.The ESCP may be related to higher regional population density or the higher proportions of developing countries.Therefore,to realize sustainable social,economic and ecological development,and to improve people's well-being,countries along the,lBelt and Road"should take advantage of their own resources in developing industries,actively expand trade,achieve mutual benefits and win-win sit生态系统服务消耗研究对于生态系统保护与可持续发展具有重要意义,已成为生态学研究的热点。本研究基于FAOSTAT数据,以生物量消耗为主要指标,动态研究“一带一路”沿线全域及分区生态消耗格局、构成及其演变规律,揭示该区域生态消耗模式主要类型、分布格局与演变态势。得出以下结论:(1)全域生态消耗主要来自农田消耗,其次为草地消耗;生态消耗整体呈波动增加,消耗总量从2000年的12911.89 Tg增加到2016年的16810.00Tg,年人均消耗量从2000年的332.28万g增加到2016年的363.92万g。(2)生态消耗及其变化在国家间、分区间及生态系统类型间差异显著,人均生态消耗以蒙古国最高,分区尺度以中东欧最高,东南亚最低,这是区域资源禀赋、生态消耗模式及生活水平等共同作用的结果.(3)农田消耗为主是该区域主导生态消耗模式,约占总面积的76.71%,其次为农草消耗,约占总面积的19.0%,仅少数国家为草地消耗为主、森林消耗为主或农林草消耗并重,这可能与该区域人口密度大且多为发展中国家有关。因此该区域在依据自身资源优势发展农林牧产业时,应扩大贸易,互惠共赢,优化生态消耗模式,促进区域社会、经济与生态可持续发展。

关 键 词：ecosystem services ecosystem service consumption farmland ecosystem service consumption grassland ecosystem service consumption forest ecosystem service consumption ecosystem service consumption pattern 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]