中国汉族大学生体质健康与早餐食用频率的关系  

Relation between physical fitness and frequency of breakfast consumption among Chinese Han college students

作　　者：张京舒 罗冬梅 胡佩瑾[1] 雷园婷 闫晓晋 李柴全 宋逸[1] 马军[1] ZHANG Jingshu;LUO Dongmei;HU Peijin;LEI Yuanting;YAN Xiaojin;LI Chaiquan;SONG Yi;MA Jun(School of Public Health in Peking University,Beijing(100191),China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2019年第10期1471-1474,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中国教育学会体育与卫生专项重点课题项目(17TY0131001ZA);国家体育总局项目(2017B025)

摘　　要：目的了解中国汉族大学生体质健康与早餐食用频率的关系,为促进大学生体质健康提供干预方法和科学依据。方法使用2014年全国学生体质与健康调研中47 172名汉族大学生数据,按照《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》计算学生体质健康综合得分,采用χ2检验比较不同特征大学生体质健康的差异。建立Log-binomial模型,探索早餐食用频率对大学生体质健康的影响。结果 22.8%的大学生体质健康不及格。男生(24.7%)、城市学生(25.7%)、每天体育锻炼时间<1 h(23.3%)的体质健康不及格率分别高于女生(20.9%)、农村学生(19.9%)和每天体育锻炼时间≥1 h者(20.3%)(χ2值分别为101.38,223.33,32.20,P值均<0.01)。大学生年龄越高体质健康不及格率越高(χ2=425.48,P<0.01)。东、中、西部学生的体质健康不及格率分别为21.2%,21.7%和25.1%(χ2=84.83,P<0.01)。营养状况体重正常者(18.2%)体质健康不及格率明显低于体重过低者(26.0%)和超重/肥胖者(42.6%)(χ2=1 660.50,P<0.01)。只有53.2%的大学生每天吃早餐,每周早餐食用次数越少,体质健康不及格率越高(χ2=393.50,P<0.01)。Log-binomial模型结果显示,与每天吃早餐的学生相比,每周吃3~5次早餐(PR=1.16,95%CI=1.11~1.20)、每周吃1~2次早餐(PR=1.34,95%CI=1.28~1.40)、从来不吃早餐(PR=1.43,95%CI=1.32~1.53)学生的体质健康不及格风险更高。结论大学生体质健康与早餐食用频率有关,良好的早餐习惯是健康生活方式的组成部分,有助于促进大学生的体质健康。Objective To examine the relation between physical fitness and frequency of having breakfast among Chinese Han college students so as to provide proper intervention and theoretical basis for improving college students’ physical fitness. Methods The data from 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health(CNSSCH) was used. The data of 47 172 Han students were calculated, the chi-square test wasused to compare the differences of the physical fitness passing rate in different subgroups of college students. The Log-binomial model was established to assess the relation between physical fitness and breakfast consumption. Results The unqualified rate of physical fitness was 22.8%. Boys(24.7%), urban students(25.7%), and those who exercised less than one hour per day(23.3%) had lower physical fitness passing rates than girls(20.9%), rural students(19.9%) and those who exercised more than one hour per day(20.3%)respectively(χ2=101.38, 223.33, 32.20, P<0.01). The unqualified rate of physical fitness increased by age. The unqualified rate of physical fitness in eastern, central and western regions was 21.2%, 21.7% and 25.1% respectively. The unqualified rate of physical fitness for those with normal nutritional status(18.2%) was significantly lower than those who were underweight(26.0%) or overweight/obese(42.6%)(χ2=1 660.50, P<0.01). In this study, 53.2% of college students had breakfast every day,unqualified rate of physical fitness was higher among students with less regular consumption of breakfast(χ2=393.50, P<0.01). The Log-binomial model showed that the college students who had 3-5 breakfasts(PR=1.16, 95%CI=1.11-1.20), 1-2 breakfasts(PR=1.34, 95%CI=1.28-1.40), never had breakfast(PR=1.43, 95%CI=1.32-1.53) per week had higher physical fitness failure rates than those who had breakfast every day. Conclusion There is a significant association between physical fitness and breakfast consumption among college students. Developing the good habit of having breakfast is not only the component of heal

关 键 词：体质 健康状况 饮食习惯 学生 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]