2017年冬季斯科舍海南极磷虾种群结构变动研究  

Variation in population structure of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in Scotia Sea in winter 2017

作　　者：王碧雪 张海亭 朱国平[1,2,3,4] WANG Bixue;ZHANG Haiting;ZHU Guoping(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Center for Polar Research,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Polar Marine Ecosystem Group,The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学极地研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室,上海201306 [4]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海210306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2019年第6期953-960,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41776185);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1406801)

摘　　要：斯科舍海蕴含着丰富的南极磷虾资源,是重要的南极磷虾渔场,该海域南极磷虾种群结构存在显著的时空差异。为了解该海域冬季南极磷虾的种群结构变动,以明晰渔场的变化,并探究南极磷虾的越冬机制,利用2017年5—8月渔业资源调查随机收集的样本,对冬季布兰斯菲尔德海峡和南乔治亚岛东北水域南极磷虾种群结构差异进行分析。结果显示,2017年冬季各月南极磷虾性比差异不大,均为雌性占比稍高于雄性,且各月性成熟度分布不存在显著差异。总体而言,雌性磷虾在整个冬季月份,除个例外均为未成熟个体。对于雄性磷虾,5月未成熟个体少于成熟个体;6月未成熟个体多于成熟个体;7月未成熟个体显著多于成熟个体;8月均为未成熟个体。对于布兰斯菲尔德海峡和南乔治亚岛两区域,整体来说,随月份增加,磷虾雌、雄个体的成熟个体数量减少,而未成熟个体数量逐渐增加。通过历史资料对比可知,斯科舍海冬季磷虾种群结构存在较为显著的年际和年间变化。In order to understand the variation in population structure of Antarctic krill in the Scotia Sea in winter and to explore the overwintering mechanism of Antarctic krill,using the samples collected randomly from fishery survey from May to August 2017,the population structure of Antarctic krill in the Bransfield Strait and the South Georgia Island was studied.The results indicate that the monthly sex ratios are not significantly different and the proportions of females are higher than those of males,and the sexual maturity stage has no significant difference between months.Overall,female krill remains immature throughout the winter months,with a few exceptions.For male krill,in May,the number of immature male is lower than that of matures,the number of immature male is more than that of matures in June,the proportion of immature males is higher than that of mature males in July,and all individuals are immature in August.For the Bransfield Strait and the South Georgia Island,as a whole,the number of mature krill decreases since the onset of winter,while the number of immature krill increases gradually.Through the comparison to the historical data,it can be seen that the population structure of Antarctic krill significantly varies inter-annually and annually in the Scotia Sea in the winter.

关 键 词：斯科舍海 南极磷虾 布兰斯菲尔德海峡 南乔治亚岛 种群结构 性成熟度 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]