不同钾肥处理对苦荞根系及产量的影响  

Effect of Different Potassium Fertilization Treatments on the Root and Yield of Tartary Buckwheat

作　　者：王炎 李振宙 黄小燕[1] 周良 吴兴慧 李振东 陈庆富[1] 陈海兵 黄凯丰 Wang Yan;Li Zhenzhou;Huang Xiaoyan;Zhou Liaoyan;Zhou Liang;Wu Xinghui;Li Zhendong;Cheng Qingfu;Chen Haibing;Huang Kaifeng(The Key Laboratory for Cultivation Physiology and Application of Buckwheat of Guizhou,Technology Research Center of Buckwheat Industry,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心贵州省普通高等学校荞麦栽培生理及推广特色重点实验室

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第23期7955-7961,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560358);贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2018]2297号);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)前期研究专项(2014CB160312);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字[2017]033;黔教合KY字[2018]015);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-08-A4);贵州省荞麦工程技术研究中心项目(黔科合农G字[2015]4003号)共同资助

摘　　要：以苦荞品种‘西荞1号’为试验材料,设置不同的钾肥处理,研究了钾肥对苦荞根际土壤养分、根系形态、农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明,根际土壤速效氮和速效磷随施钾量的增加呈先降低后增加的趋势,而速效钾和有机质则相反;‘西荞1号’根系长度、根系体积、根系表面积和根系平均直径随施钾量的增加先增后降,处理间总体以MK处理高于其他处理;‘西荞1号’的株高和主茎分枝数以MK处理时最高,子叶节高度和主茎节数以HK处理时最大,1~2节节间长度以LK处理时间最大,1~2节节间粗度以CK处理时最大;‘西荞1号’的产量随施钾量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势。相关性研究表明,‘西荞1号’的产量与株高成显著正相关关系,与1~2节节间粗度呈极显著负相关关系。因此,适宜的钾肥处理对苦荞的生长发育及最终产量均有一定影响,为苦荞的高产栽培提供一定的参考。Tartary b uckw heat cv’Xiqiao No.1’was selected as the material to investigate the changes in the rhizosphere soil nutrient,root morphology,plant agronomic traits,and yield of tartary buckwheat with different potassium treatments.The results showed that the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus initially decreased and then increased with the increase of the concentration of potassium,whereas available potassium and the content of organic matter initially increased and then decreased.The root length,root superficial area,root volume and root average diameter of’Xiqiao No.1’initially increased and then decreased with the increase of the concentration of potassium,and that with MK treatment was the highest,whereas that with CK treatment was the lowest.The plant height and branch number of main stem of’Xiqiao No.1’with MK treatment were the highest.The cotyledon node height and main stem node number of’Xiqiao No.1’with HK treatment were the highest.1~2 internode length of’Xiqiao No.1’with LK treatment was the highest,while 1~2 internode diameter with CK treatment was the highest.The yield of’Xiqiao No.1’initially increased and then decreased with the increasing the concentration of potassium.Correlation studies showed that the yield of’Xiqiao No.1’had a significant positive correlation with plant height,and had an extremely significant negative correlation with 1~2 internode diameter.Therefore,the suitable potassium fertilizer treatment has a certain impact on the growth and development of tartary buckwheat and the final yield,providing a certain reference for the high-yield cultivation of tary buckwheat.

关 键 词：钾肥 根系形态 产量 苦荞 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]