嘉兴市某县小学高年级学生性与生殖健康知识水平及获取途径  

Knowledge and access to sexual and reproductive health information among pupils in higher grades

作　　者：涂晓雯 齐文娟 廉启国 左霞云 毛燕燕 楼超华 周维谨 TU Xiaowen;QI Wen-juan;LIAN Qiguo;ZUO Xiayun;MAO Yanyan;LOU Chaohua;ZHOU Weijin(NHC Key Lab.of Reproduction Regulation(Shang-hai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research),Fudan University,Shanghai(200032),China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生殖与发育研究院上海市计划生育科学研究所/国家卫生健康委员会计划生育药具重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2019年第11期1633-1637,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI32B02);国家卫生健康委员会计划生育药具重点实验室科技创新导向项目(CX2017-05)

摘　　要：目的了解小学高年级学生性与生殖健康知识水平及接受性教育状况,为学校和家庭性教育的开展提供科学依据。方法在浙江省嘉兴市某县对4所小学四五年级的1098名学生进行匿名电子问卷调查,调查内容主要为性与生殖健康知识及来源、从学校和家庭获取性教育情况等。结果小学高年级学生对青春期身体变化的知晓率在15%~54%之间,生殖生理知识的知晓率在14%~70%之间,对身体隐私部位识别的知晓率在59%~98%之间,对性侵犯场景识别的知晓率在70%~95%之间。上述4类知识相应的平均得分分别为31.89,38.21,77.03,85.72分,总知识得分为58.21分。研究对象性与生殖健康知识水平女生高于男生、城镇学生高于农村学生,五年级学生高于四年级学生(P值均<0.05)。小学生性与生殖健康知识主要来源于母亲(63.02%)、父亲(40.53%)和学校老师(27.50%),其中报告父母和学校提供过人的生长发育、青春期发育与保健、自我保护等内容的比例女生高于男生,城镇高于农村,五年级学生高于四年级(P值均<0.05)。结论小学高年级学生普遍缺乏性与生殖健康知识。应提高老师和家长的性教育意识,为小学生提供适宜的性教育。Objective To understand sexual and reproductive health(SRH) knowledge and access to sexual health information among pupils in higher grades, and to provide the scientific basis for conducting sexual education in family and school. Methods A total of 1 098 pupils in grade four and five from 4 primary schools in a county, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province were selected for an anonymous computer assisted self-interview to get the information, including sexual and reproductive information and its sources, the condition about getting sexual education from school and family, and so on. Results The percentage of correct answers about boy’s and girl’s puberty changes ranged from 15%~54%, and about reproduction and physiology ranges from 14%~70%. The awareness of private body parts ranged from 59%~98%. About 70%~95% could correctly identify sexual abuse scenes. The average score for knowledge on puberty changes, reproduction and physiology, identification of private body and identification of sexual abuse scenes was 31.89, 38.21, 77.03, and 85.72, with total average score of 58.21. In general, girls and students from urban areas or in grade five had higher knowledge level than boys and students from rural areas or in grade four did(P<0.05). Participants mainly obtained SRH knowledge from their mother(63.02%), father(40.53%) and teachers(27.50%). Girls and students from urban areas or in grade five reported higher proportion in access to information on human development, puberty development and health care, self-protection from parents and school teachers than boys and students from rural areas or in grade four(P<0.05). Conclusion Pupils in higher grades lacked SRH knowledge. It is necessary to raise awareness among school teachers and parents about the importance of providing sexuality education for pupils.

关 键 词：健康教育 学生 性教育 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G627.9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]