苏州市2019年中小学校教学环境卫生现况  

Teaching environment of primary middle and high schools in Suzhou during 2019

作　　者：潘衍宇 周贵兰 沈蕙[2] 胡佳[2] 丁子尧 韩迪 PAN Yanyu;ZHOU Guilan;SHEN Hui;HU Jia;DING Ziyao;HAN Di(National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing(102206),China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所/传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]苏州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2019年第11期1709-1711,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析苏州市中小学校教学环境卫生现况,为教育及卫生健康部门确定重点学校公共卫生问题提供理论依据。方法按比例分层抽取苏州10区县学校共204所1253间教室,统计描述各教学环境卫生检测指标合格率及城乡、学段差异,采用Spearman相关探究学生近视与各检测指标相关关系。结果灯桌间距合格率最高,为98.56%;课桌椅符合率最低,为0.96%。灯桌间距、黑板面平均照度、黑板壁反射比、教室人均面积、教室CO2体积百分比浓度合格率城乡差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);采光系数、后墙壁反射比、课桌面及黑板面平均照度、教室人均面积、教室CO2体积百分比浓度合格率不同学段差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);视力不良率与课桌面照度合格率的相关有统计学意义(r=0.42,P<0.05)。结论苏州地区课桌椅符合率及教室采光指标应是重点关注方向。卫生健康部门应实行差异化治理,根据各区县、学段重点卫生问题,有针对性地制定治理计划。Objective To analyze the teaching environment of primary, middle and high schools in Suzhou, and to explore the relevance of students’ myopia with teaching environment, as well as the key problems in teaching environment. Methods 1 253 classrooms in 204 schools rom 10 districts and counties in Suzhou were selected by proportionate stratified sampling. The qualified rate of each indices was described and the teaching environment by county, learning stage were compared by using chi-squared test. The Spearman test is used to explore correlations between myopia with monitoring indicators. Results The qualified rate of the distance from lamp to table was the highest(98.56%), while matching rate of student desk and chair was the lowest(0.96%). Minimum lamp table spacing, blackboard average illumination, reflectance from blackboard wall, classroom per capita area, classroom microclimate differed significantly in urban and rural(P<0.05);daylighting coefficient, reflectance from walls, average illumination of desktop and blackboard, classroom per capita area, and microclimate indicator were statistically different by learning stages(r=0.42,P<0.05). Prevalence of myopia correlated with the index of lighting. Conclusion Qualified desks and matched chairs, as well as the daylighting design in classroom should receive more attention in Suzhou. The findings lend support to identification of key health priorities and formulation of the localized health practice for health administrations.

关 键 词：教学 环境和公共卫生 采光 

分 类 号：G637.8[文化科学—教育学]