深度约束的浅海多目标声学定位方法  

A depth-constraint multi-target positioning acoustic approach in shallow waters

作　　者：刘慧敏 王振杰[1,2] 赵爽 LIU Huimin;WANG Zhenjie;ZHAO Shuang(School of Geosciences,China University of Pe­troleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qing­dao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology.Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]海洋国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2019年第6期1181-1187,I0007,共8页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“海洋大地测量基准与海洋导航新技术”(2016YFB0501700)和“海洋多传感融合导航核心技术”(2016YFB0501705);青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室开放基金项目“海洋导航定位关键技术及国产装备研发”(QNLM2016ORP0401);中国地质调查局科研项目“深海调查—测量”(DD20191003);国家自然科学基金青年项目“海面及水下动态载体的自适应导航定位关键算法研究”(41604027)联合资助

摘　　要：针对浅海地震勘探声学二次定位中存在垂直观测结构欠佳的问题,使用船载DGPS数据和单波束测深数据,给出基于深度约束的浅海多目标水声定位解算方法;结合区域自然邻点空间插值法,构建区域高程模型,并对抗差估计解(IGG3)的水平位置进行应答器高程内插。根据对称性观测和施工海域的平坦地形,结合声线弯曲分段参数化模型进一步消除声线弯曲误差,以提高浅海水下多目标的平面定位精度。南海实测结果证明,在声速测量不准且观测数据粗差较大的情况下,所提方法构建模型具有较强抗粗差性能,且显著提高了定位精度。A depth-constraint multi-target positioning acoustic approach in shallow waters is proposed in this paper using shipborne DGPS data and singlebeam sounding data.Combined with the spatial interpolation method of regional natural critical points,a regional elevation model is built,and the transponder elevation interpolation is carried out for the horizontal position of IGG3 tolerance estimation solution.According to the symmetry observation and the smooth seabed topography in the working area,bending errors of acoustic line are further eliminated with an acoustic line bending segmented model in order to improve the planar positioning accuracy of multi-targets in shallow waters.Experimental results in the South China Sea show that the model built by the proposed approach is characterized by strong anti-gross-error capability and can effectively improve the positioning accuracy under the conditions of inaccurate sound velocity measurements and observation data with large gross errors.

关 键 词：声学二次定位 深度约束 单波束测深 深度插值 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]