海州湾双船有翼单囊拖网渔获物组成及选择性分析  

On catch composition and selectivity of pair-trawling in the Yellow Sea

作　　者：许庆昌 李显森[1] 孙珊[1] 樊钢洲 逄志伟 尤宗博 XU Qing-chang;LI Xian-sen;SUN Shan;FAN Gang-zhou;PANG Zhi-wei;YOU Zong-bo(Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fishery,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Fishery Resources and Eco-environment,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;Marine and Fisheries Supervision and Inspection Brigade of Lanshan District,Rizhao Shandong 276800,China;Qingdao Conson Oceantec Valley Development Co.Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]日照岚山区海洋与渔业监督监察大队,山东日照276800 [3]青岛国信蓝色硅谷发展有限责任公司,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2019年第6期676-683,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：农业农村部渔业渔政管理项目(12530016)

摘　　要：为支撑《全国海洋捕捞渔具目录》的制定,利用套网法分别于2015年10月、2016年9月、2017年8月在黄海区海州湾渔场开展了黄海双船有翼单囊拖网网囊网目选择性试验,研究该网具的渔获物组成及选择性。基于渔获物分析,获得该类网具渔获物种类组成、主要渔获物、幼鱼比例、逃逸率及逃逸产值等参数,并利用Logistic选择性模型获得该类网具选择性曲线。结果表明,双船有翼单囊拖网对渔获物种类的选择能力较差,具有捕获栖息于作业海域绝大多数种类的能力。渔获物组成中,8月份渔获物幼鱼比例较高,达到90%,且渔获物产量及产值均较高;9月份渔获物产量及产值均低于8月份,平均产值约为1 666元·h^-1;而10月份渔获物产量及产值均最低,平均产值约为800元·h^-1。随网目尺寸增大,渔获物逃逸率及50%选择体长L0.5均逐渐增大,且尾数逃逸率高于质量逃逸率。试验结果显示,该网具主要渔获物中小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)、银鲳(Pampus argenteus)、蓝圆鲹(Decapterus maruadsi)幼鱼比例非常高,而其他重要经济渔获物种类幼鱼比例低于65%(8月份除外),为保护小黄鱼等小型经济鱼类渔业资源,建议将该类网具秋季最小网目尺寸定为60mm(网目内径)。In order to support the implementation and management of Natural Marine Fishing Gear Catalog, production tests for three voyages(Oct. 2015, Sep. 2016, Aug. 2017) in Haizhou Bay were carried out to study the catch composition and selectivity of pair-trawling. Based on catch analysis, the specific composition of catch, dominant species, juvenile fish proportion, escape rate, value of escape fishes and selectivity curves were obtained. Results showed that the pair-trawling had a poor selectivity, which caught the vast majority of fish species in the operating sea area. The weight and value of the catch in August were the highest of the three voyages, and the juvenile fish proportion reached up to 90%. While in September, the weight and value of the catch were less than that of August, and the value of the catch was about 1 666 CNY·h^-1. The catch had the lowest value in October, which was about 800 CNY·h^-1. The escape rate and 50% selectivity body length(L0.5) of the catch increased with the increasing mesh size of the cod-end. Moreover, the escape rate of the quantity was higher than that of the weight. In addition, the juvenile fish proportions of Larimichthys polyactis, Pampus argenteus and Decapterus maruadsi were very high, while it was below 65%(except August) for the other economic fish species. To protect the stock population of small size fishes, such as L. polyactis, it is suggested that the minimum mesh size of the pair-trawling should be 60 mm(inside diameter).

关 键 词：双船有翼单囊拖网 套网法 网具选择性 渔获物组成 海州湾 

分 类 号：S972.13[农业科学—捕捞与储运]