养殖与野外捕获大黄鱼躯干侧线系统的初步比较  

A preliminary study of trunk lateral line system in cultured and wild-caught Larimichthys crocea

作　　者：刘鑫[1] 张东[1] 林听听[1] LIU Xin;ZHANG Dong;LIN Ting-ting(Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2019年第6期736-743,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(东2015T05);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(东2015M05)

摘　　要：为探究大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)侧线系统的发育生态学,对大黄鱼的侧线器官和躯干侧线系统的分布模式开展了初步研究。比较了养殖和野外捕获大黄鱼躯干侧线系统的分布模式及侧线器官数目的异同。结果显示,大黄鱼的侧线系统由管道神经丘和表面神经丘两类感受器组成。管道神经丘位于侧线管道腔内的皮肤表面,感觉斑多为椭圆形,其长轴与鱼体的体轴垂直。表面神经丘多具有圆形或近圆形的底座。毛细胞着生于神经丘的顶端,由一根较长的动纤毛和十多根静纤毛组成。养殖大黄鱼与野外捕获大黄鱼躯干侧线分布情况相似,管道神经丘的数目相近,野外捕获大黄鱼单个鳞片上具有更少的表面神经丘。推测两种生境大黄鱼的表面神经丘数目的差异,可能是由于在养殖和野外生存环境中,大黄鱼的侧线系统面临不同的选择压力所导致,后期将对引起侧线系统产生差异的因素做更深入研究。The lateral line is a mechanoreceptive sensory system that allows fish to sense objects and move in their local environment. During the evolution, the morphology of lateral line is suggested to be closely related to environmental adaption and ontogenetic-phylogenetic constraint. Lateral line diversity ensures fish in different habitats to sense and respond to water displacement cues. To explore the developmental ecology of lateral line sensory system in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea, the morphology of lateral line organ, the distribution of trunk lateral line system and the number of lateral line organ were compared between cultured and wild-caught L. crocea by using light and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the lateral line system of L. crocea consisted of two types of mechanoreceptive organs, canal neuromasts and superficial neuromasts. The canal neuromasts were located in the lateral line canals. The sensory maculas of canal neuromasts were oval, whose long axises were normal to the body axis of the fish. The superficial neuromasts were uniquely located at the top of the tubercle. Sensory hair cells stayed in the center of the neuromasts, each hair cell had one kinocilium and dozens of stereocilia at the top. The distribution pattern of the trunk lateral line system was similar between cultured and wild-caught juvenile L. crocea. There was no difference in number of canal neuromasts between two kinds of L. crocea. The wild-caught fishes had less superficial neuromast in scales than the cultured ones. Data demonstrated that the lateral line systems of cultured and wild-caught L.crocea remained the same in distribution pattern, however they could vary significantly in the number of neuromasts. Our results suggested that the lateral line system may experience different selection regimes in aquaculture and natural habitats. Further study should investigate the factors causing the differences in the lateral line of L. crocea.

关 键 词：大黄鱼 躯干侧线 表面神经丘 管道神经丘 

分 类 号：Q951.3[生物学—动物学]