乳酸代谢与乳酸穿梭理论发展  

Research on Lactic Acid Metabolism and Development of Lactic Acid Shuttle Theory

作　　者：谢东山 Xie Dong-Shan(School of Physical Education Science,Fujian Normal University,Fujian Fuzhou 350117)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院

出　　处：《生物化工》2019年第6期135-141,共7页Biological Chemical Engineering

摘　　要：乳酸与运动关系的研究始于1808年Berzelius首次发现了肌肉中游离乳酸的存在。随着乳酸研究成果的更新,人们对乳酸的认识也在转变。但是目前,运动训练与运动科学领域对乳酸的认识依然保有偏见,将其视为直接导致肌肉疲劳的原因,进而认为其是代谢终产废物。这种偏见主要源于乳酸研究的经典时代氧债学说和无氧阈概念的提出。20世纪70年代,细胞间乳酸穿梭理论的诞生对这个领域产生了革命性的影响,证明乳酸不是代谢最终产废物,而是代谢中间物和重要的能源底物,虽然之后发展出的细胞内乳酸穿梭理论存在争论,但为科学引导运动训练提供了更进步的生物学基础模型。The study of the relationship between lactic acid and exercise began in 1808 when Berzelius first discovered the existence of free lactic acid in muscle. It has been more than 200 years since then. During this period, the achievements of lactic acid research have been updated, and people’s understanding of lactic acid is also changing. But up to now, regarding lactate as metabolic end-product waste,our understanding of lactic acid is still biased, believing that it directly leads to muscle fatigue. By reviewing the main development of the relationship between lactic acid and sports, we can find that this bias mainly originated from the classical era of lactic acid research in which the theory of oxygen debt and anaerobic threshold were raised. In the 1970 s, the birth of the theory of lactate shuttle between cells had a revolutionary impact in this field, proving that lactic acid is not metabolic end-product waste, but metabolic intermediates and important energy substrates.Athough debate still exists when the theory of intracellur lactate shuttle was put forward,the theory of lactate shuttle between cells has provided a more advanced biological basis model for sport traning.

关 键 词：乳酸 乳酸穿梭 氧债 疲劳 运动 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]