错配修复缺陷与结直肠癌关系的研究进展  

Advances in Research on Relationship between Mismatch Repair Defects and Colorectal Cancer

作　　者：孙田 柳青峰[2] 肖明明[3] 臧辉[2] 梁静 SUN Tian;LIU Qingfeng;XIAO Mingming;ZANG Hui;LIANG Jing(Graduate School of China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;Department of General Surgery,Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital,Shenyang 110016,China;Department of Pathology,Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学研究生院,沈阳110122 [2]辽宁省人民医院普外科,沈阳110016 [3]辽宁省人民医院病理科,沈阳110016

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第24期4866-4871,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划项目(18-014-4-08)

摘　　要：错配修复(MMR)是维持人体遗传物质稳定的一种重要机制,其功能缺陷会增加肿瘤的发生率。MMR缺陷(dMMR)与15%的结直肠癌(CRC)相关,并与CRC的临床特征、诊断、治疗和预后关系密切,影响着CRC的发生、发展。对于CRC患者,目前主张多学科的综合治疗,其中化疗和免疫治疗起到重要的辅助作用。免疫检查点抑制剂治疗成为抗癌研究的热点,但其有效性和安全性仍有待研究。未来,需要进一步研究MMR相关CRC的遗传特性及临床特点,早期筛选无癌患者,从而进行有效的预测预防、准确的遗传鉴定和规范的医疗管理。Mismatch repair(MMR)is an important mechanism for maintaining the stability of human genetic material,and its functional defects increase the incidence of tumors.The deficient MMR(dMMR)is associated with 15%of colorectal cancer(CRC)and is closely related to the clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of CRC,which affects the occurrence and development of CRC.For CRC patients,multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment is currently advocated,in which chemotherapy and immunotherapy play an important supporting role.The treatment of immunological checkpoint inhibitors has become a hot spot in anti-cancer research,but its effectiveness and safety remain to be studied.In the future,further research is needed on the genetic characteristics and clinical features of MMR-related CRC,and early screening of cancer-free patients for effective prediction and prevention,accurate genetic identification,and standardized medical management.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 错配修复 免疫检查点抑制剂 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]