基于均衡配流方法的危险货物时空路径优化  

Space-time Route Optimization for Hazmat Based on Equilibrium Distribution Method

作　　者：贾晓燕[1] 何瑞春[1] 柴获[1] JIA Xiao-yan;HE Rui-chun;CHAI Huo(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2019年第6期17-23,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71961015)

摘　　要：针对危险货物运输路径上的运输风险随时空波动的特点,将时间维度加载至空间路径选择中,建立了危险货物运输扩展时空网络,以虚拟的出发弧和到达弧分别表示出发、到达时段的选择;设计了允许危险货物临时存储的转运节点,并以虚拟等待弧代表危险货物的等待费用,从而以时空路径标识危险货物在一天中的流量分配方案.此外,为各弧段设计了阻抗函数,并根据相同弧段不同时段的风险波动特征,基于用户均衡配流理论建立了考虑时段安全费用的危险货物均衡配流路径优化模型,实现多OD对、多路径、多时段的阻抗均衡,并利用Frank-Wolfe算法对其求解.算例结果表明,在考虑时空差异的扩展时空网络中,均衡配流模型能够实现危险货物的各时空路径阻抗最小且均等.Regarding the characteristics of risk space-time fluctuation of hazmat transportation,the time dimension is loaded into the space route selection,and the extended space-time network of the hazmat transportation is established.The choice of departure and arrival period is represented by the virtual departing and arrival arc respectively.Also,the transfer node allowing temporary storage of hazmat is designed in that network and the virtual waiting arc is used to represent the waiting costs of hazmat,so as to identify the flow distribution scheme of hazmat in a day by space-time route.In addition,the impedance function is designed for each arc.According to the risk fluctuation characteristics of different periods on each arc and based on equilibrium distribution theory,a hazmat equilibrium distribution route optimization model considering the period-safety cost is established to achieve the impedance equilibrium of multi-OD pairs,multi-route and multi-period.Besides,the Frank-Wolfe algorithm is used to solve the model.The numerical results show that the equilibrium distribution model can achieve the minimum and equal impedance of each space-time route of hazmat in the extended space-time network considering space-time differences.

关 键 词：危险货物运输 均衡配流 时段安全 阻抗函数 路径优化 

分 类 号：U492.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]