迈克尔·克雷默对发展经济学的贡献——2019年度诺贝尔经济学奖得主学术贡献评介  

Michael Kremer’s Contributions to Development Economics

作　　者：张延[1] 王琪 ZHANG Yan;WANG Qi(Peking University,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学动态》2019年第12期94-107,共14页Economic Perspectives

摘　　要：因发展了减轻全球贫困的实验方法,迈克尔·克雷默与阿比吉特·班纳吉、埃丝特·迪弗洛共同荣获2019年诺贝尔经济学奖。克雷默以经济学理论为指导,将随机对照实验引入减贫问题的研究,为大量发展政策提供了经验证据,并提出了众多缓解全球贫困的有效措施。他的研究方法也有助于重塑发展经济学的研究范式,为实验经济学乃至整个实证研究的发展做出了重要贡献。本文围绕克雷默在教育、健康、行为偏误等多个方面的实验研究,对其学术成就进行梳理和归纳,以理解其在贫困问题研究和研究方法论上做出的开创性贡献。Michael Kremer is awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2019 with Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty.Kremer introduces randomized controlled trials into research on poverty alleviation in Kenya.He provides empirical evidence for a large number of development policies guided by economic theory,and proposes many effective measures to alleviate global poverty.His research methods reshape the research paradigm of development economics,which make important contributions to the development of experimental economics and even the entire field of empirical research.This article focuses on Kremer s experimental research on education,health,behavioral bias and other aspects to sort out and summarize his academic achievements,[JP2]in order to understand his pioneering contributions in practical problems and research methodology.

关 键 词：迈克尔·克雷默 随机对照实验 发展经济学 减贫 诺贝尔经济学奖 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]