破碎化生境对食物网中疾病传播动态的影响  

Effects of fragmented landscapes on disease transmission in food webs

作　　者：杨元奇 陈鸽 苏敏[1] YANG Yuanqi;CHEN Ge;SU Min(School of Mathematics,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学数学学院

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第12期1715-1718,共4页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(31770470)

摘　　要：生境破碎化已被证实是影响种群动态和食物网中物种共存的重要因素之一,同时疾病的传播对于种群动态的调节也具有非常重要的作用。文章基于集合种群模型,针对3种不同的资源-宿主/食饵-寄生-捕食者食物网结构,探讨了破碎化生境下物种共存模式与种群动态。模拟结果显示,不同营养级物种对生境破坏有不同程度的响应,营养级越高的物种对生境破碎化越敏感。此外,物种的扩散范围以及捕食者种群对食饵的偏好都会影响物种的续存。该结果在一定程度上丰富了宿主-寄生理论,对疾病的控制和物种保护提供了生态学理论依据。Habitat fragmentation has been proven to be one of the important factors affecting population dynamics and the species coexistence in the food web. Meanwhile, disease transmissions also play an important role in regulating population dynamics. Using pair approximation model, we here explored the effects of habitat fragmentation on community structures of three resource-host/prey-parasite-predator food webs. The simulation results show that the species at higher trophic levels display higher sensitivity to habitat loss and fragmentation. In addition, both dispersal modes and preference of predator can affect the species’ survival. These results can benefit the theory of host-parasite interactions, and also provide ecological theoretical basis for disease control and species conservation.

关 键 词：生境破碎化 食物网 宿主-寄生 物种共存 集合种群 

分 类 号：O29[理学—应用数学]