教育能促进社会阶层代际流动吗?——基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的经验证据  

Does Education Promote Intergenerational Mobility of Social Class?——Empirical Evidence Based on the CGSS

作　　者：陈爱丽 郑逸芳 许佳贤 Aili CHen;Yifang ZHeng;Xiaoyu Sun(College of Public Administration,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《教育与经济》2019年第6期27-34,共8页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五规划”2016年度教育学一般项目“教育精准扶贫长效机制构建及实证研究”(编号:BGA160034)

摘　　要：教育是实现社会阶层合理流动的重要途径。本文利用2008—2015年中国综合社会调查的经验证据,在采取相关处理方式消除教育通胀作用的基础上,从教育水平及其代际变动状况的双重角度,实证检验教育在不同代际社会阶层流动模式中的影响差异,研究发现:第一,受教育水平对社会阶层的代际流动产生显著影响,个体受教育水平的提高有利于促进其社会阶层代际向上流动和抑制其代际向下流动;第二,教育代际流动是实现社会阶层升迁性代际流动的重要途径,随着教育代际流动水平的提高,实现代际社会阶层地位改善的可能性越大;第三,职业层级是受教育水平促进社会阶层代际流动的重要作用机制。本文的政策启示是,应增强教育机会的平等性与优质教育资源分配的平衡性,加大对弱势家庭的教育帮扶与补偿力度,缩小教育差距。Education is an important channel for realizing the rational flow of social classes.Based on the empirical evidence from the Chinese General Social Survey for 2008-2015,taking relevant measures to eliminate the role of education inflation,this paper empirically tests the effect of education on different patterns of inter-generational social class mobility from the double perspectives of the education and its inter-generational change.The study found that:firstly,the level of education has a significant impact on the flow of inter-generational social strata,the improvement of individual education is conducive to ascending inter-generational social classes and inhibiting inter-generational downward mobility;secondly,Inter-generational mobility of education is an important way to achieve the promotion of inter-generational social class.With the improvement of the inter-generational level of education,the more likely it is to improve the status of inter-generational social class;Thirdly,the occupational hierarchy is an important mechanism for education to promote the mobility of inter-generational social classes.The policy inspiration of this paper is to enhance the balance between the equality of educational opportunities and the distribution of quality educational resources,increase the educational assistance and compensation for vulnerable families,and narrow the educational gap.

关 键 词：受教育水平 教育代际流动 社会阶层代际流动 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]