海外经历会影响大学高层次人才流动吗?  

Does Overseas Experience Affect the Flow of High-Level Talents in Universities?

作　　者：黄海刚 连洁 Haigang Huang;JieLian(Strategy Center for China’s Open Economy and International Technology Cooperation,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学中国开放经济与国际科技合作战略研究中心

出　　处：《教育与经济》2019年第6期63-71,共9页Education & Economy

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“中国高端人才流动与集聚问题研究”(18JHQ089)

摘　　要：大学高层次人才在国别、区域和机构间的流动是当前学术界和政策制定者广为关注的议题,但对其流动影响因素的分析大多基于经济与专业发展,而从个体因素角度的研究较少。研究以1999—2014年共计1840名高校“长江学者”特聘教授获得者为例,将“海外经历”视为大学高层次人才重要的群体特征,利用CV分析法和Logit模型,分析其与职业流动的关系。研究发现:相对于本土人才,拥有海外经历的人才选择“跳槽”的概率更高;相对于海外学习经历,海外工作经历更可能促进大学高层次人才的职业流动;在流动路径和模式上,具有海外经历的高层次人才与本土高层次人才没有显著差异;进一步引入年龄、性别、学科和地区GDP,研究发现,“经济因素”和“年龄”亦是大学高层次人才流动的重要影响因素。研究结论说明,“海外经历”是职业流动的重要资本,亦提升了大学高层次人才的流动意愿,部分原因是“海外经历”使得大学高层次人才与本土学术网络的联系较松散,“流动成本”更低。The mobility of high-level talents across countries,regions,institutions and departments is a key issue among researchers and policymakers at present,but the analysis of its influencing factors is mostly based on economic and professional development,while the research from the perspective of individual factors is less.Taking 1840 Yangtze River Scholars of China between the years 1999 and 2014 as an example,using CV research method and Logit Model,this paper investigates if“overseas experience”improves job mobility of high-level talents of universities in China.It is found that:(a)compared with local talents,those with overseas experience are more likely to choose“job hopping”;(b)compared with overseas study experience,overseas job experience is more likely to promote the career mobility of high-level talents in universities;(c)in terms of the flow path and mode,there is no significant difference between overseas experience scientists and native scientists;(d)by further introducing age,gender,discipline and regional GDP,it is found that“economic factors”and“age”are also important factors affecting the flow of high-level talents in universities.The research indicates that“overseas experience”is not only an important capital of mobility,but promotes the willingness of job flow,part of the reason is that“overseas experience”makes the connection between high-level talents and local academic network loose and the“mobility cost”is lower.

关 键 词：海外经历 大学高层次人才 人才流动 人才竞争 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]