全株玉米青贮饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的干物质、淀粉及中性洗涤纤维降解特性研究与预测模型建立  

Degradation Characteristics and Prediction Model of Dry Matter,Starch and Neutral Detergent Fiber of Whole-Pant Corn Silage in Cow Rumen

作　　者：刘娜 毕研亮[1] 刁其玉[1] 郭江鹏 齐志国 司丙文[1] 程思源 屠焰[1] LIU Na;BI Yanliang;DIAO Qiyu;GUO Jiangpeng;QI Zhiguo;SI Bingwen;CHENG Siyuan;TU Yan(Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture,Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Municipal Animal Husbandry Station,Beijing 100107,China;College of Animal Science and Techonology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京市畜牧总站,北京100107 [3]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第12期5846-5856,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501600);奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC06-2019)

摘　　要：本研究采用体外法测定全株玉米青贮饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性,并分析了其营养成分与有效降解率(ED)的相关性,旨在寻求干物质(DM)、淀粉(Starch)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)有效降解率的快速评定方法。以奶牛场不同贮存时期的玉米青贮饲料为研究对象,采用体外人工瘤胃持续发酵法,测定DM、Starch、NDF有效降解率,并分析与其营养成分的相关性,建立营养成分与DM、Starch、NDF有效降解率的数学模型。结果表明:1)在青贮60、150和240 d时,全株玉米青贮饲料DM、Starch和NDF有效降解率在60 d时最高,分别为33.40%、78.91%和25.53%。2)全株玉米青贮饲料DM有效降解率与粗蛋白质(CP)含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与NDF、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01);Starch有效降解率与Starch含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);NDF有效降解率与NDF、ADF含量呈极显著或显著负相关关系(P<0.01或P<0.05),与CP含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。3)全株玉米青贮DM有效降解率与非纤维性碳水化合(NFC)含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与碳水化合物(CHO)、可消化纤维(CB3)、不消化纤维(CC)含量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01);Starch有效降解率与CHO、NFC含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与挥发性脂肪酸(CA1)、乳酸(CA2)、水溶性碳水化合物(CA4)、可溶性纤维(CB2)含量呈显著或极显著负相关关系(P<0.05或P<0.01);NDF有效降解率与CHO、CB3、CC含量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),与NFC含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。4)以CP、NDF、ADF、Starch含量为预测因子建立的DM、Starch有效降解率的预测模型分别为:ED(DM)=54.777-0.439NDF-0.004ADF(R2=0.973,n=51,P<0.0001);ED(Starch)=55.434+0.987Starch(R2=0.843,n=51,P<0.0001);ED(NDF)=75.786-0.765CP-1.036NDF+0.310ADF(R2=0.879,n=51,P<0.0001)。5)以CHO、NFC、CB3、CHO、NFC、CA2、CA4、CB2、CC含量为预测因子建立的DM、Starch有效降解率的预测模型分别�This study determined the rumen degradation characteristics of whole-plant corn silage by in vitro method,and analyzed the correlation between the nutrient composition and its effective degradability,and aimed to find a rapid assessment method for the effective degradability of dry matter(DM),starch and neutral detergent fiber(NDF).Taking corn silage in different storage periods of dairy farms as the research object.The in vitro artificial rumen continuous fermentation method was used to determine the effective degradability of DM,starch,and NDF and the correlation between the nutrient composition of whole-plant corn silage and its effective degradability was analyzed.The mathematical model of nutrient composition and effective degradability of DM,starch and NDF was established.The results showed as follows:1)at silage 60,150 and240 h,the ruminal degradability of DM,starch and NDF was the highest when stored for 60 d,which were33.40%,78.91%and 25.53%,respectively.2)The effective degradability of whole-plant corn silage DMwas extremely significant positive correlated with crude protein(CP)content(P<0.01),and extremely significant negative correlated with NDF and acid detergent fiber(ADF)content(P<0.01).The effective degradability of starch was extremely significant positive correlated with starch content(P<0.01).The effective degradability of NDF was significant negative correlated or extremely significant negative correlated with NDF and ADF content(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and significant positive correlated with CP content(P<0.05).3)The effective degradability of whole-plant corn silage DMwas extremely significant positive correlated with NFC content(P<0.01),and extremely significant negative correlated with carbohydrate(CHO),digestible fibre(CB3)and indigestible fibre(CC)contents(P<0.01).The effective degradability of starch was significant positive correlated with CHO and NFC contents(P<0.05),and significant negative correlated or extremely significant negative correlated with volatile fatty acids(CA1),lactic acid(C

关 键 词：全株玉米青贮 体外法 淀粉 干物质 中性洗涤纤维 瘤胃降解特性 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]