饲料中维生素A对青鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标和肝脏糖脂代谢酶活性及基因表达的影响  

Effect of dietary vitamin A on growth, serum biochemical index, digestive enzyme activities and glucose and lipid metabolism in juvenile Mylopharyngodon piceus

作　　者：陈书健 吴成龙 叶金云 李荣华[1] CHEN Shujian;WU Chenglong;YE Jinyun;LI Ronghua(Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development Technology Research,College of Life Science,Huzhou Normal University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波大学应用海洋生物学教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211 [2]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第1期85-98,共14页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系岗位科学家任务(CARS-45-11);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31672669)~~

摘　　要：为研究饲料中维生素A(VA)对青鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标和肝脏糖脂代谢相关酶活性及基因表达的影响,实验选取360尾初始体质量为(6.10±0.10)g的青鱼幼鱼,随机分配至3个实验组中,每个实验组设置3个平行。采用单因素实验设计,以无维酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白源、菜籽油为脂肪源、糊精为糖源,同时添加矿物质混合物和维生素混合物(无VA添加)配制成3组实验饲料,分别以饲料1(Diet1)、饲料2(Diet2)和饲料3(Diet3)表示。在饲料1、饲料2和饲料3中分别添加0、2200和20000 IU/kg VA醋酸酯(500000IU/g),经高效液相色谱法(Agilent-1100,Agilent,美国)检测后实验饲料中VA的实际含量分别为178.2、2058.9和18436.2 IU/kg,养殖周期为8周。结果显示:饲料中VA缺乏会显著降低青鱼幼鱼的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR);VA缺乏会显著降低血清血糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)浓度,增加总胆固醇(TCH)浓度。饲料中添加2058.9IU/kg VA能显著提高肝脏己糖激酶(HK)、磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)、丙酮酸激酶(PK)活性,促进葡萄糖转运蛋白-2(GLUT-2)、HK、葡萄糖激酶(GK)、PFK和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)基因表达。当饲料中VA含量为2058.9 IU/kg时,对肝脏脂肪酸转运蛋白-1(FATP-1)基因表达无显著影响,但显著影响肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1(CPT-1)和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-2(CPT-2)基因表达。当饲料中VA缺乏时,CPT-1和CPT-2基因表达受到显著性抑制;当饲料中添加过量VA时,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶-2(ACC-2)和脂蛋白酯酶(LPL)基因表达受到抑制;同时,VA过量组中肝脏过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ(PPAR-γ)基因表达显著下降。研究表明,在饲料中添加2058.9 IU/kg VA可以促进青鱼幼鱼生长,提高肝脏对葡萄糖的转运能力,促进糖酵解和糖异生代谢平衡,同时促进脂肪酸合成和转运。An 8-week feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin A(178.2,2058.9,18436.2 IU/kg)on growth performance,serum biochemical index and hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism key enzyme activities and gene expression levels of juvenile black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus).Using a one-factor experiment design,three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic purified experimental diets(diet 1,diet 2 and diet 3)containing 0,2200 and 20000 IU/kg VA were formulated.Total vitamin A contents in the diets were measured by HPLC(Agilent-1100,Agilent,USA),actual content of vitamin A in each diet were 178.2,2058.9 and 18436.2 IU/kg,respectively.Casein(vitamin free)and gelatin were used as protein sources,rapseed oil was used as lipid source,dextrin was used as carbohydrate source.Total 360 juvenile black carp with initial weight(6.10±0.10)g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 black carp per replicate.The results showed as follows:weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)were significantly reduced for fish fed diet with 178.2 IU/kg VA.When VA is deficient,concentrations of serum glucose(GLU),triglycerides and lowdensity lipoprotein(LDL)were decreased,but total cholesterol(TCH)concentration was increased.The activities of hexokinase(HK),phosphofructokinase(PFK)and pyruvate(PK)increased for fish fed diet with 2058.9 IU/kg VA.Gene expression of liver glucose transporter-2(GLUT-2),HK,GK,PFK and G6 Pase were increased in fish fed diet with 2058.9 IU/kg VA.However,there were no significant differences in the gene expression of fatty acid transporter protein-1(FATP-1)for fish fed diet with 2058.9 IU/kg VA.But the gene expression of Carnitine Opalmitoyltransferase-1(CPT-1)and Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase-2(CPT-2)were significantly influenced.The gene expression of CPT-1 and CPT-2 were inhibited for fish fed VA deficient diet.When fish fed diet with 18436.2 IU/kg VA,the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-2(ACC-2)and lipoprotein lipase(LPL)genes were inhibited.Besides,the

关 键 词：青鱼 维生素A 生化指标 糖脂代谢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]