羟基磷灰石-果胶复合纳米粒的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Pectin Composite Nanoparticles

作　　者：姚芳莲[1] 罗巧悦 郭旗 田亮 李俊杰[1] Yao Fanglian;Luo Qiaoyue;Guo Qi;Tian Liang;Li Junjie(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2020年第3期279-283,共5页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51573127,31870948);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金资助项目(31722022)~~

摘　　要：羟基磷灰石(HAp)具有良好的生物相容性和骨诱导性,在骨组织工程和药物递送方面具有潜在的应用前景.与传统的HAp粒子相比,纳米级HAp具有高比表面积、高表面能、靶向性等特性,同时其表面粗糙度高、亲水性强,所以更易吸附蛋白,表现出更佳的生物相容性.然而,纯的HAp纳米粒非常不稳定,容易发生团聚,不利于细胞摄取,也可能引发血管堵塞的问题,阻碍了其在体内的应用.果胶(pectin)是来源于高等植物细胞壁的杂多糖,由于其良好的生物相容性和形成凝胶的特性使其在药品研制、食品保护等方面得到大规模的应用,近年来也逐渐成为组织工程的研究热点.本文旨在研究开发HAp与果胶的纳米复合材料,首先通过果胶分子链上的羧基与钙离子反应制得了果胶钙纳米凝胶,然后将磷酸根引入,原位反应制得了HAp@pectin复合纳米粒.利用FT-IR、XRD和TGA等检测手段,详细研究了HAp@pectin复合纳米粒的结构及分子间的相互作用,借助TEM探索复合纳米粒的形貌,使用激光粒度仪测定了纳米粒的尺寸及Zeta电位.研究发现果胶分子结构上的羧酸根与Ca^2+的静电作用是HAp@pectin形成的主要驱动力,可以通过调整果胶的含量调控复合纳米粒的形貌,研究结果可为开发基于天然多糖及纳米羟基磷灰石的复合材料提供一条新途径.Hydroxyapatite(HAp) has potential applications in bone tissue engineering and drug delivery because of its excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductivity. Compared with traditional HAp particles, nano-HAp has several advantages, such as high specific surface area, high surface energy, and targeted properties. Moreover, it has excellent protein adsorption capacity because of its high surface roughness and high hydrophilicity. By contrast, pure HAp is prone to agglomeration;this unstable behavior is inconducive to cell uptake and may also cause vascular blockage, further hindering its application in vivo. Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide derived from the cell wall of plants. It has been widely used in food and medicine because of its good biosafety and gelling properties. Recently, it has attracted considerable attention in tissue engineering. In this study, hydroxyapatite-pectin composite(HAp@pectin) nanoparticles are prepared and their properties are investigated. First, pectin/calcium nanogel is obtained through the forces of interactions between carboxyl groups in pectin and calcium ions(Ca^2+). Then, HAp@pectin nanoparticles form in situ after phosphate is introduced. Additionally, the structures and interactions in the HAp@pectin system are investigated via FT-IR, XRD and TGA. The morphology of HAp@pectin is modulated by adjusting the ratio of calcium to phosphate. The morphology is evaluated via transmission electron microscopy, and the size and zeta-potential are investigated using a laser particle size analyzer. The results indicate that the electrostatic interactions between pectin and HAp are the main driving force behind the formation of HAp@pectin. Moreover, the morphology and size can be modulated by adjusting the percentage of pectin in the system. These findings indicate that effective biomaterials based on natural polysaccharides and nano-HAp can be developed.

关 键 词：羟基磷灰石 果胶 纳米粒 生物矿化 生物材料 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]