句法结构和句子长度对汉语学习者口语韵律组块的影响  

Effects of Syntactic Structure and Sentence Length on Prosodic Grouping:Evidence from Learners of Chinese as a Second Language

作　　者：高思畅 王建勤[2] Gao Sichang;Wang Jianqin

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际文化交流学院 [2]北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智中心

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2020年第1期115-128,共14页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉语二语口语能力习得与高效率教学模式研究”(12AZD113);上海外国语大学校级重大项目“主要生源国学习者汉语学习与认知的多角度研究”(KX161076);中国博士后基金面上资助项目“汉语作为第二语言学习者口语韵律能力的评估”(2017M621516)资助

摘　　要：本研究考查不同句法结构和句子长度对汉语学习者口语韵律边界强度和韵律组块手段的影响。研究的被试包括20名韩国高水平汉语学习者,还有20名汉语母语者作为参照。实验通过即时回忆的实验任务收集被试的语料,通过对语料的语音分析比较学习者和母语者在韵律组块强度和韵律手段的表现。研究结果表明:(1)句法结构并没有对母语者的韵律组块产生影响,而学习者则受到句法结构和句子长度的交互作用的影响;(2)句子长度对母语者和学习者的停顿时长均产生显著影响,该影响不因句法结构不同而有所不同;句子长度对母语者和学习者的延长频率也产生影响:母语者在产出短句时更倾向于使用音节延长作为韵律切分手段,而学习者则受到句法结构和句子长度的交互作用的影响;(3)学习者和母语者的延长量均不受句法结构和句子长度的影响。This paper investigates how learners of Chinese incorporate prosodic specifications such as boundaries and breaks into sense groups to form prosodic units.This prosodic grouping ability is detected under the length effect of the sentence and the syntactic structure.Twenty Chinese as a second language learners from South Korea were included in the research and twenty native speakers’ performances were recorded as the baseline.Participants’ speech production was elicited by sentence memorization tasks and the sentences were then transcribed and analyzed by Praat(5.4).The results show that:(1)the learners of Chinese’s prosodic grouping abilities were subject to the interaction effect of syntactic structure and the sentence length;(2)native speakers only showed an inclination to use syllable lengthening as the boundary when producing short sentences,which demonstrated more length effect,while both groups’ pause rate was significantly influenced by sentence length;(3)syllable lengthening did not show any effect from syntactic structure and sentence length.This results show that the learners’ prosodic grouping abilities have not been well-developed,which leads to their heavy reliance on the syntactic structure.

关 键 词：韵律组块 句法结构 汉语作为第二语言 韵律边界 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]