抑郁症患者面孔识别注意偏向的时间进程研究  

Time course of attention bias in face recognition of patients with depression

作　　者：曹爽 吴迪 邢辰 陈雨琴 王晓慧[2] 苗丹民 Cao Shuang;Wu Di;Xing Chen;Chen Yuqin;Wang Xiaohui;Miao Danmin(Department of Military Medical Psychology,the Airforce Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China;Department of Psychology,984 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学军事医学心理学系,西安710032 [2]中国人民解放军第984医院心理科,北京100000

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2019年第12期1075-1080,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国防科技创新特区项目(1816315ZT00100737)。

摘　　要：目的探讨抑郁症患者在识别不同情绪面孔时认知加工随时间变化的特点。方法选取抑郁症发作期患者29例,正常对照组30例。被试自由观看正性、悲伤、威胁、中性四种表情刺激,采集观看过程中的眼动数据,比较两组被试识别四种情绪面孔时注意偏向在时间上差异,分析两组被试注意力的时间变化趋势。结果患者组和对照组对悲伤面孔的注视时长在0~2 s[(10.39±1.83)ms,(9.63±1.28)ms]、2~4 s[(12.61±2.34)ms,(11.21±3.00)ms)]、4~6 s[(12.26±3.11)ms,(10.47±4.06)ms)]内均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),在6~8 s[(12.64±3.42)ms,(8.90±4.02)ms],8~10 s[(12.55±4.19)ms,(9.36±4.02)ms]内,患者组的注视时长显著大于对照组(均P<0.01)。患者组对正性面孔在0~2 s[(12.07±2.65)ms,(14.50±3.54)ms]、2~4 s[(10.69±3.26)ms,(14.66±5.25)ms]、4~6 s[(10.11±4.24)ms,(15.43±8.02)ms]、6~8 s[(9.39±5.12)ms,(16.88±9.60)ms]、8~10 s[(9.45±4.94)ms,(16.63±10.15)ms]内的注视时长均显著小于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论抑郁症患者对于负性刺激的注意偏向存在于认知加工的后期,而对于正性刺激的注意减少在认知加工早期即存在。抑郁症患者对于情绪刺激的认知加工表现为负性刺激的注意力持续性增加和对正性刺激注意力的持续性减少。Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive processing over time in recognition of different emotional faces in patients with depression.Methods Totally 29 patients with depression(patient group)and 30 normal control(control group)were selected.Subjects freely viewed positive,sad,threatening and neutral facial stimuli.Eye movement data were collected during the process of watching,and the differences of attention bias in time when the two groups of subjects recognized the four emotional faces were compared.The temporal variation trend of attention between the two groups was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the fixation duration between the patient group and the control group in 0-2 s((10.39±1.83)ms,(9.63±1.28)ms),2-4 s((12.61±2.34)ms,(11.21±3.00)ms),4-6 s((12.26±3.11)ms,(10.47±4.06)ms)(all P>0.05).Within 6-8 s((12.64±3.42)ms,(8.90±4.02)ms),8-10 s((12.55±4.19)ms,(9.36±4.02)ms),the fixation duration in the patient group was significantly longer than that in the control group(P<0.01).The fixation time of the positive faces in the patient group in 0-2 s((12.07±2.65)ms,(14.50±3.54)ms),2-4 s((10.69±3.26)ms,(14.66±5.25)ms),4-6 s((10.11±4.24)ms,(15.43±8.02)ms),6-8 s((9.39±5.12)ms,(16.88±9.60)ms),8-10 s((9.45±4.94)ms,(16.63±10.15)ms)was significantly lower than that in the control group(all P<0.01).Conclusion Patients with depression tend to pay attention to negative stimuli in the later stage of cognitive processing,while the attention to positive stimuli decreases in the early stage of cognitive processing.Cognitive processing of emotional stimuli in patients with depression is manifested as increased attention duration of negative stimuli and decreased attention duration of positive stimuli.

关 键 词：抑郁症 注意偏向 面孔识别 眼动 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学] R749.4[哲学宗教—心理学]