大学生整合编码策略对联结再认定向遗忘效应的影响  

The influence of unitization encoding strategy on directed forgetting effect of associative recognition

作　　者：王余娟 柳长兴[1] 李兵兵 Wang Yujuan;Liu Changxing;Li Bingbing(Teaching and Research Department of Mental Health for College Students,Intellectual Property School,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Department of Psychology,School of Education Science,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学知识产权学院大学生心理健康教育教研室,400054 [2]江苏师范大学教育科学学院心理学系,徐州221116

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2019年第12期1113-1117,共5页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31700954);重庆理工大学博士科研启动基金(2019ZD05)。

摘　　要：目的探讨整合编码策略对联结再认定向遗忘的可能影响,以及整合水平对联结再认定向遗忘的调节作用。方法采用联结再认与定向遗忘相结合的范式,对通过简单随机抽样得到的39名大学生被试的定向遗忘进行测量。要求被试在编码阶段根据指令区分性地加工复合词或无关词,在提取阶段则只对词对的构成属性进行区分,即只区分"旧"或"重组"词对而不需要考虑指令。结果(1)整合效应显著,但效果是反转的,即复合词在区分"旧"或"重组"上的辨别力(0.43±0.03)反而比无关词(0.55±0.03)低(F=27.27,P<0.001,ηp2=0.42)。对于要求记住的词对(to-be-remembered,TBR),复合词(0.43±0.03)的辨别力低于无关词(0.59±0.03)(t=-6.05,P<0.001);对于要求忘记的词对(to-be-forgotten,TBF),复合词的辨别力(0.43±0.03)仍然低于无关词(0.50±0.04)(t=-2.30,P=0.025)。(2)定向遗忘效应显著,TBR(0.51±0.03)比TBF(0.46±0.03)的辨别力大(F=4.30,P=0.045,ηp2=0.10)。但差异主要体现在无关词再认上,TBR(0.59±0.03)比TBF(0.50±0.04)的辨别力大(t=3.19,P=0.003)。而复合词再认时,TBR(0.43±0.03)与TBF(0.43±0.03)的辨别力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论整合编码促进击中率升高的同时也使虚报率大大升高,整合水平足够高时,定向遗忘效应消失。Objective To investigate the influence of unitization encoding strategy and the moderating effect of unitization level on directed forgetting effect of associative recognition.Methods Association recognition paradigm combined with directed forgetting paradigm were employed in this study.The 39 participants acquired by simple random sampling were asked to remember or forget compound words or unrelated word pairs which were randomly presented according to cues.In the retrieval stage,they needed to distinguish"old"or"rearranged"word pairs regardless of the cues.Results(1)The reversed unitization effect reached significance.The discrimination of compound words(0.43±0.03)was lower than that of unrelated words(0.55±0.03)(F=27.27,P<0.001,ηp2=0.42).For the word pairs(to be remembered,TBR),the discrimination of compound words(0.43±0.03)was lower than that of unrelated words(0.59±0.03)(t=-6.05,P<0.001);for the word pairs(to be forgotten,TBF),the discrimination of compound words(0.43±0.03)was still lower than that of unrelated words(0.50±0.04)(t=-2.30,P=0.025).(2)The directed forgetting effect of associative recognition was significant.However,TBR(0.51±0.03)was more discriminative than TBF(0.46±0.03)(F=4.30,P=0.045,ηp2=0.10).But the difference was mainly reflected in the recognition of unrelated words.TBR(0.59±0.03)was more discriminative than TBF(0.50±0.04)(t=3.19,P=0.003).However,there was no significant difference between TBR(0.43±0.03)and TBF(0.43±0.03)in recognition of compound words.Conclusion The unitization encoding stratege can simultaneously promote hit rate and false alarm rate.The directed forgetting effect can be eliminated when unitization level is high enough.

关 键 词：联结再认 定向遗忘 整合编码 整合水平 熟悉性加工 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]