喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式对土壤饱和导水率的影响  

Effect of Different Land Use Types on Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Karst Areas

作　　者：蔡路路 刘子琦 李渊 余逍 景建生 CAI Lulu;LIU Ziqi;LI Yuan;YU Xiao;JING Jiansheng(School of Karst Science,State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2020年第1期119-125,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家十三五重点研发计划课题“喀斯特高原石漠化综合治理与山地旅游产业技术与示范”(2016YFC0502606);国家自然科学基金“石漠化地区二元水文结构水土—养分流失机制研究”(41761104);贵州师范大学2017年博士科研启动项目

摘　　要：研究不同土地利用方式的土壤饱和导水率(K s)特征及其影响因素,对于准确了解喀斯特地区的土壤水文过程、水土保持效应具有重要的意义。为揭示喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式对K s的影响,测定了0—50 cm土层的土壤饱和导水率、容重、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、毛管持水量、田间持水量、土壤含水量和有机质,并对K s的影响因子进行了相关分析。结果表明:不同土地利用方式的K s随着土层深度的增加而呈先增加后降低的变化特征,且在10—20 cm显著高于其他土层(p<0.05)。不同土地利用方式土壤的平均K s介于6.41~7.37 m/d,由大到小依次为花椒地>金银花地>荒地>玉米地,其中花椒地显著高于玉米地(p<0.05)。土壤理化性质对K s具有不同程度的影响,相关分析结果表明:土壤容重、总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和有机质均与K s呈极显著相关(p<0.01),通径分析进一步表明,非毛管孔隙度是影响该区K s最重要的土壤因子。研究有助于了解喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式的土壤水文过程,为喀斯特地区生态建设及生态服务评价提供理论依据。It is of great significance to study the characteristics of saturated hydraulic conductivity(K s)and its influencing factors in different land use types with respect to accurately understand the soil hydrological process and soil and water conservation effects in karst areas.In order to reveal the effect of different land use types on K s in karst areas,the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity,bulk density,total porosity,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,capillary water capacity,field water capacity,soil water content and soil organic matter in soil layer of 0—50 cm were measured,and the correlation analysis of the influencing factors on K s was carried out.The results showed that K s of different land use types increased at first and then decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the K s of 10—20 cm layer was significantly higher than that of other soil layers(p<0.05);the average K s of soil in different land use types ranged from 6.41 m/d to 7.37 m/d,and decreased in the order:Zanthoxylum bungeamun field>Lonicera japonica field>Wasteland>Maize field,K s of prickly ash field was significantly higher than that of the wasteland(p<0.05).Soil physical and chemical properties have different degrees to influence K s.Correlation analysis shows that soil bulk density,total porosity,non-capillary porosity and soil organic matter are all significantly correlated with K s(p<0.01).Path analysis further indicates that non-capillary porosity is the most important soil factor affecting K s in this area.This study can help understand the soil hydrological process of different land use types in karst areas and provide the theoretical basis for ecological construction and ecological service evaluation in karst areas.

关 键 词：饱和导水率 非毛管孔隙度 土地利用方式 喀斯特地区 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]