施用等碳量生物炭和腐熟秸秆对土壤养分及有机碳库的影响  

Effects of biochar and decomposed straw at equal carbon content on soil fertility and organic carbon pool

作　　者：赵亚鹏 贾辉 符云鹏 何甜甜 王静 柳渊博 王维超[2] ZHAO Yapeng;JIA Hui;FU Yunpeng;HE Tiantian;WANG Jing;LIU Yuanbo;WANG Weichao(Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xuchang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2020年第1期12-20,共9页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目“植烟土壤肥力培育及提高肥料利用率技术研究”[中烟办(2014)334号]。

摘　　要：为明确生物炭和秸秆对植烟土壤养分和有机碳库的关系,采用田间定位试验,研究了等碳量的生物炭、腐熟秸秆、生物炭与腐熟秸秆配施对不同耕层土壤养分及有机碳库的影响。结果表明,施用等碳量的生物炭和腐熟秸秆处理后,不同耕层土壤除碱解氮外其他速效养分及碳库指标较常规化肥对照(CK)明显增加。单施生物炭处理对0~30 cm耕层土壤有机质含量(质量分数)的提升效果大于腐熟秸秆,而单施腐熟秸秆处理的不同耕层土壤可溶性有机碳及微生物量碳含量较单施生物炭处理均有所提高;生物炭与腐熟秸秆混施处理的10~20 cm耕层土壤速效磷、速效钾、有机质和总有机碳含量较单施腐熟秸秆处理分别提高22.26%、6.08%、8.68%和9.20%,且差异均达显著水平。可见,单施生物炭和单施腐熟秸秆对植烟土壤均有一定的改良作用,但二者混施的改良效果更好。To investigate the relationships of biochar and straw with nutrient and organic carbon pool in tobacco planting soil,field experiments were carried out to study the effects of separately applied biochar,decomposed straw and biochar combined with decomposed straw with the same carbon content on nutrient and organic carbon pool in soils of different tillage layers.The results showed that the fertility(except alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen)and carbon pool index of soil treated with additional organic materials significantly increased in each tillage layer compared with the treatment of applying chemical fertilizer.The organic matter content in 0-30 cm plow layers of soil treated with biochar was higher than that treated with the decomposed straw.However,the dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon contents in different plow layers of the soil treated with the decomposed straw were higher than those treated with biochar.Comparing with applying decomposed straw alone,the contents of available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and total organic carbon in 10-20 plow layer of soil treated with biochar combined with decomposed straw increased by 22.26%,6.08%,8.68%and 9.20%respectively,and the differences were all statistically significant.In conclusion,application of biochar or decomposed straw has a repairing effect on tobacco-planting soil, and the effect of combinedapplication of biochar and decomposed straw is better than the single treatment.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 生物炭 腐熟秸秆 土壤养分 有机碳库 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]