企业社会责任标准差异下我国企业“走出去”策略分析  

An Analysis of Chinese Firms’ Going Abroad under Differentiation of Corporate Social Responsibility Standard

作　　者：仰海锐 皮建才[2] YANG Hairui;PI Jiancai(School of Marxism,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210093 [2]南京大学经济学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期69-76,共8页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(14370106);中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M642220)

摘　　要：本文基于贸易全球化以及市场间企业社会责任(CSR)标准差异的背景构建了博弈模型,分析了企业社会责任标准差异对企业"走出去"策略以及社会福利的影响。研究发现,当高CSR市场设立的社会责任标准相对较低且进入的固定成本也相对较低时,低CSR市场中的企业会选择"走出去"进入高CSR市场;当高CSR市场设立的社会责任标准较高或进入的固定成本较高时,低CSR市场中的企业不会选择"走出去"。在对社会福利的分析中发现,当"走出去"是企业的最优策略时,能同时实现企业利润和社会福利水平的提升。此外,企业"走出去"策略还受到市场间产品差异程度的影响,当市场间产品的差异化程度越高,低CSR市场中的企业更愿意选择"走出去"。这启示中国市场中的企业在合理的CSR标准下可以积极承担较高的社会责任,但应当拒绝履行部分国家或组织制定的过分苛刻或明显不合理的CSR标准条款,同时借助政府和企业自身的优势,降低企业"走出去"过程中的固定成本。Based on the background of trade globalization and the differences in CSR standards between markets, this paper investigates two markets with different standards of corporate social responsibility(CSR), and analyzes the going abroad decisions of the firm in the low-CSR market. The result finds that, when the standard in the high-CSR market is relatively low and the entry cost is also relatively low, the firm in the low-CSR market will choose to enter into the high-CSR market. However, when the standard in the high-CSR market is relatively high or the entry cost is also relatively high, the firm in the low-CSR market will not choose to enter into the high-CSR market. Through the comparative analysis of social welfare, we find that when going abroad is an optimal choice, the profit of the firm and social welfare in the low-CSR market can simultaneously be enhanced. In addition, the choice of going abroad is also affected by the degree of product differentiation in the two markets. When the degree of product differentiation becomes larger, the firm in the low-CSR market is more willing to go abroad. This suggests that the firms in Chinese market can actively undertake higher CSR under reasonable CSR standards, but they should refuse to perform the overly harsh or obviously unreasonable terms of CSR standard formulated by some countries or organizations, while relying on government and the advantages of the firms themselves, reducing fixed costs in the process of "go abroad".

关 键 词：企业社会责任 “走出去” 市场进入 社会福利 企业利润 博弈策略 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]