紫花苜蓿基因工程改良研究进展  

Advances in alfalfa improvement using genetic engineering

作　　者：边佳辉 刘自扬 李宗英 赵媛媛 唐益雄[2] 孙占敏[2] 吕嘉卫 张金林[1] 吴燕民[1,2] BIAN Jiahui;LIU Ziyang;LI Zongying;ZHAO Yuanyuan;TANG Yixiong;SUN Zhanmin;LYU Jiawei;ZHANG Jinlin;WU Yanmin(Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shanghai Jinkelaowo Biotechnology Co.,LTD,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081 [3]上海金柯劳沃生物科技有限公司,上海200000

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第1期139-155,共17页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展项目“973”计划(2014CB138701);国家科技基础资源调查专项“中国南方草地牧草资源调查”(2017FY100600)

摘　　要：紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)具有适应性强、蛋白含量高、适口性好和营养价值丰富等特点,是全球栽培面积最大的优良牧草。随着生物技术的快速发展,利用基因工程改良紫花苜蓿已成为国内外研究的热点。本文就紫花苜蓿载体介导法、DNA直接导入法和种质系统介导法三类转化方法和抗生物胁迫、抗非生物胁迫、抗除草剂、品质改良及生物反应器开发五方面的转基因与遗传改良研究进行了全面的综述与分析,并对其应用前景及相关安全性等问题进行了展望,以期为紫花苜蓿基因工程改良的后续研究提供参考与借鉴。Alfalfa(Medicago sativa)has the characteristics of strong adaptability,high protein content,good palatability,and rich nutritional value,and has the largest cultivation area among forage species in the world.With the rapid development of biotechnology,improvement in alfalfa using genetic engineering has become a current topic in China and abroad.In this paper,we mainly summarize and review the progress in three methods used in the genetic transformation of alfalfa,including vector-mediation,direct DNA insertion,and germplasm system mediation,and five utility aspects of alfalfa improvement using genetic engineering,including improvement in antibiotic stress,antibiotic resistance,herbicide resistance,quality,and bioreactor development.The application potential of genetic engineering in improvement in alfalfa and safety were explored to provide a reference for such technology.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 基因工程 遗传转化 性状改良 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]