南昌市综合性医院抑郁症患者自杀未遂的现状及影响因素分析  

Present Situation and Influencing Factors of Attempted Suicide among Patients with Depressive Disorder in General Hospitals in Nanchang

作　　者：卢和丽[1] 陈腊梅 潘文菲 李思[1] 郭明 黄筱琴[1] 邹卿[3] 胡飞虎 LU He-li;CHEN La-mei;PAN Wen-fei;LI Si;GUO Ming;HUANG Xiao-qin;ZOU Qing;HU Fei-hu(Department of Psychosomatic Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China;Department of Psychiatry,Nanchang Psychiatric Hospital,Nanchang 330002,China;Department of Psychosomatic Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学第二附属医院心身医学科,南昌330006 [2]南昌市精神病院精神科,南昌330002 [3]南昌大学第一附属医院心身医学科,南昌330006

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（医学版）》2019年第6期58-61,84,共5页Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences

基　　金：江西省卫健委科技计划项目(20175201)

摘　　要：目的了解南昌市综合性医院抑郁症患者自杀未遂的现状,并分析其影响因素.方法采用一般情况问卷、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表和Landeiman社会支持量表调查2018年1—12月在南昌市2所综合性医院就诊的2090例抑郁症患者.结果2090例抑郁症患者中,有142例(6.79%)患者出现自杀未遂.患者有无经常吸烟、重度饮酒、伴焦虑症状、伴精神病性症状、伴自杀意念、精神障碍家族史、正在用抗抑郁药物、伴内外科疾病及不同的既往抑郁发作次数、既往因抑郁症住院次数所占比例比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).既往抑郁发作次数(OR=4.308)、伴焦虑症状(OR=2.329)、伴精神病性症状(OR=2.492)、伴自杀意念(OR=4.044)、焦虑得分(OR=1.036)是抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素,而正在用抗抑郁药物(OR=0.110)是抑郁症患者自杀未遂的保护因素.结论抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素具有多种.在临床工作中医师应加强抑郁症患者规范治疗,教育患者珍爱生命,重点关注并干预抑郁症自杀未遂高危人群,减少自杀的发生.Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of attempted suicide among patients with depressive disorder in Nanchang general hospitals.Methods A total of 2090 patients with depression who were treated in two general hospitals in Nanchang from January to December 2018 were surveyed using the general situation questionnaire,self-rating depression scale,self-rating anxiety scale and Landeiman social support scale.Results Among the 2090 patients,142(6.79%)had attempted suicide.There were statistically significant differences in frequent smoking,heavy drinking,anxiety symptoms,psychotic symptoms,suicidal ideation,family history of mental disorders,current use of antidepressants,medical and surgical diseases,frequency of previous depressive episodes,and hospitalization frequency for depression(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of previous depressive episodes(OR=4.308),anxiety symptoms(OR=2.329),psychotic symptoms(OR=2.492),suicidal ideation(OR=4.044)and anxiety score(OR=1.036)were risk factors for attempted suicide in patients with depression disorder.However,antidepressants(OR=0.110)were protective factors for attempted suicide in depression patients.Conclusion There are many risk factors for attempted suicide in depressive patients.In clinical work,doctors should strengthen the standardized treatment and educate patients to cherish life.The depression should be concerned and intervened in high-risk groups of attempted suicide to reduce the occurrence of suicide.

关 键 词：抑郁症 自杀未遂 危险因素 横断面调查 综合性医院 江西 南昌 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]