皮肤接触中新生儿寻乳行为表达及影响因素研究  

Sequence expression of neonatal breast-seeking behavior and its influencing factors during skin-to-skin contact

作　　者：崔敏 田晓明 王爱华[1] 张效艳 王瑛[1] 张媛媛[1] CUI Min;TIAN Xiao-ming;WANG Ai-hua;ZHANG Xiao-yan;WANG Ying;ZHANG Yuan-yuan(Nursing School of Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong 261053,China;Delivery Ward,the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong 261031)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院护理学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊医学院附属医院产房,山东潍坊261031

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2020年第1期28-31,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：2018年潍坊市科学技术发展计划(医学类)(2018YX029)

摘　　要：目的本研究旨在探索皮肤接触中新生儿寻乳行为序列表达情况,并分析新生儿自行定位乳晕的影响因素,为进一步探索新生儿生命早期神经行为发育奠定基础。方法随机选取2018年3-6月在潍坊医学院附属医院自然分娩的71对产妇及新生儿,参考Widstr?m的9个阶段对新生儿在皮肤接触中出现的寻乳行为动作进行观察记录。结果 39名新生儿在皮肤接触过程中完整地出现哺乳行为序列:啼哭-睁眼-舔嘴唇-蹬腿-伸胳膊-抬头或转头-吃手-向乳头移动-定位乳晕-含住乳头-有效吸吮,并在(90.5±21.3) min时入睡。Logistic回归分析结果显示,分娩镇痛(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.067~14.060)及皮肤接触间隔时间≥10 min(OR=11.607,95%CI:1.318~102.214)是新生儿自行定位乳晕的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论皮肤接触过程中新生儿表现出固定的寻乳行为序列,并能在不予人工干预下自行定位乳晕并进行首次母乳喂养,进入睡眠阶段。分娩镇痛和皮肤接触间隔时间是对新生儿自行定位乳晕的主要影响因素。Objectives To explore the sequence expression of neonatal breast-seeking behaviors during skin-to-skin contact,and to analyze influencing factors of locate breast, in order to lay the foundation for further exploring the neurobehavioral development early in newborn life. Methods A total of 71 mother-newborns pairs who gave birth naturally from March to June 2018 in a tertiary hospital in Shandong were recruited randomly in this study. The Widstr?m nine stages were used to observe and record infants′ breast-seeking behaviors during skin-to-skin contact. Results Totally 39 neonates showed complete sequence of neonatal breast-seeking behaviors during skin-to-skin contact,including cry,eyes opened,legs kicked,arms stretched,head up or turned around,hand-to-mouth,moved towards the nipple,located the areola,latched the nipple,sucked,fell asleep in(90.5±21.3) minutes. Regression results showed that labor analgesia(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.067-14.060) and interval time for skin-to-skin contact≥10 min(OR=11.607,95%CI:1.318-102.214) were influencing factors for infants locating the areola(P<0.05). Conclusions Newborns show a fixed sequence of breast-seeking behaviors during skin-to-skin contact and can fall asleep after locating the areola and the first breast feeding successfully without artificial intervention. The main influencing factors of areola location include labor analgesia and interval time for skin-to-skin contact.

关 键 词：皮肤接触 新生儿 寻乳行为 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]