厦门市土地利用及氮负荷变化研究  

Changes in land use and nitrogen load in Xiamen City

作　　者：李彦旻 崔胜辉[1,3] 汤剑雄 徐礼来 高兵[1,3] 丁晟平 杨妙鸿[1,3,4] 黄葳 黄初龙 黄云凤 LI Yanmin;CUI Shenghui;TANG Jianxiong;XU Lilai;GAO Bing;DING Shengping;YANG Miaohong;HUANG Wei;HUANG Chulong;HUANG Yunfeng(Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049;Key Laboratory of Urban Metabolism,Xiamen 361021;Coastal and Ocean Management Institute,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102;Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000;College of Harbour and Environmental Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]厦门市城市代谢重点实验室,厦门361021 [4]厦门大学海洋与海岸带发展研究院,厦门361102 [5]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,泉州362000 [6]集美大学港口与环境工程学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第1期353-360,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(No.KFZD-SW-324);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.71704171);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(No.2017J01660)

摘　　要：高强度的人类活动改变了城市土地利用方式和城市内氮素循环,但城市土地利用变化如何影响城市氮负荷时空变化的研究仍缺乏.本研究以厦门市为例,基于物质平衡的城市氮流动估算方法,分析了2005—2010、2010—2015年两个时间段内厦门市土地利用及氮负荷的时空演变特征及土地利用变化对氮负荷的影响.结果表明:2005—2010、2010—2015年期间城市各土地利用类型中工业、居民区及交通用地面积增加最为显著,占总面积的比例从16.9%增加到30.3%,而林地和其他类型面积的比例从53.78%下降至38.01%.大量农林地转变为工业和交通用地,导致单位面积氮负荷强度分别增加了10倍和25倍.城镇居民用地、交通用地等氮排放强度较高的土地利用类型不断扩张,造成城市中活性氮排放增加了2.1倍.同时,土地利用的空间格局也影响着城市氮负荷的空间变化特征,氮排放热点在空间上逐渐向岛外扩张,且强度也随之增加.Highly intense human activities have significantly expanded urban land use and modified nitrogen loading rates.However,current understanding of the effects of nitrogen(N)flow by urban land use is limited.In this study,we analyzed the spatial and temporal change of land use and N loading for Xiamen City.Using city N flowing estimation method for mass balance,we explored the impact of land use on N loading during 2005—2010 and 2010—2015.The results show that the area of industrial,residential,and traffic land in Xiamen City increased from 16.9%to 30.3%.In contrast,forest land and other types of natural habitat decreased from 53.78%to 38.01%.The conversion of large amounts of agricultural and forest land into industrial and traffic land has increased the nitrogen load intensity by 10 times and 25 times,respectively.Moreover,the expansion of land use with higher nitrogen emission intensity,such as urban residential land and traffic land,has resulted in a 2.1-fold increase in reactive nitrogen emissions in cities.According to this,the spatial pattern of land use is shown to affect the spatial variation of urban nitrogen loading,with the nitrogen emission hotspots gradually being pushed to the outskirts of the city,as well as the N emission intensity.

关 键 词：活性氮排放 土地利用变化 城市化 厦门市 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]