PSD法测量大型射电望远镜副面位姿  

The Measurement of Sub-reflector’s Displacements of Large Radio Telescopes by PSD Method

作　　者：江永琛[1] 王锦清[1,2] 苟伟[1] 虞林峰[1] 蒋甬斌[1] JIANG Yong-chen;WANG Jin-qing;GOU Wei;YU Lin-feng;JIANG Yong-bin(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030;Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210033)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]中国科学院射电天文重点实验室,南京210033

出　　处：《天文学报》2019年第6期96-105,共10页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11603061、11873015);国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0404702);中国科学院关键技术人才项目资助

摘　　要：指向精度是大型射电望远镜天线具有挑战性的关键技术指标.在望远镜运行中,方位俯仰角的变化、重力以及日照等对副面撑杆的综合影响会引起望远镜的副面位姿改变从而引起指向误差的增加和天线效率的降低.基于天马65 m射电望远镜,使用位置传感器装置(PSD)法构建了副面位置偏移量测定系统,可以实时采集副面的3维位移数据,构建重力模型,将测试结果与射电法构建的现有副面模型进行对比,有较好的一致性.此外,该系统可以分析日照(引起撑腿局部温度效应)引起的副面位移情况,也可以监视风载和瞬时启停对副面位姿的影响.Pointing accuracy is a challenging and key technical indicator of large radio telescopes. When telescopes are working, with the change of azimuth and elevation, the comprehensive influence of gravity and sunshine on the legs of sub-reflector will cause displacements of sub-reflector of the telescopes. Thus the pointing error increases,and efficiency of antenna decreases. Based on the Tian Ma 65 meter radio telescope, a measurement system for sub-reflector’s displacements is constructed by Position Sensing Device(PSD) method. Three dimensional displacements data of sub-reflector can be collected by this method. Gravity model is built. Results from this model and existing model built by radio method are compared, and their results are consistent. In addition,sub-reflector’s displacements caused by sunshine(local temperature effect on legs) can be analyzed. And this system can monitor displacements of sub-reflector caused by wind load and instantaneous start-stop of telescope.

关 键 词：望远镜 指向 重力 日照 

分 类 号：P161[天文地球—天文学]