葡萄浆果质量、体积及相关性状的调查  

Investigation on the weight,volume and related characters of grape berry

作　　者：葛孟清 董天宇 樊秀彩[2] 刘崇怀[2] GE Mengqing;DONG Tianyu;FAN Xiucai;LIU Chonghuai(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agriculture University,Nanjing 210095,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS,Zhengzhou 450009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2020年第1期22-30,共9页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：江苏现代农业(葡萄)产业技术体系(JATS[2018]279);江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201724)

摘　　要：本试验选取329个葡萄品种(217个鲜食品种,112个酿酒品种),在葡萄成熟期采集果实,对其粒质量、体积、密度、横径、纵径,以及硬度、可溶性固形物含量7项果实性状进行测定,并将其分类为鲜食和酿酒品种、欧美种和欧亚种,以及不同果形的葡萄进行果实性状的相关性分析及变异程度的比较。结果表明,鲜食葡萄与酿酒葡萄的比较分析中,酿酒品种的各个性状总变异程度要高于鲜食品种,粒质量、体积呈偏正态分布,密度、硬度呈正态分布,粒质量、体积、纵横径之间存在显著的正相关关系,密度与硬度之间相关性不显著。欧美种与欧亚种比较中,欧美种葡萄变异系数更高一些。在不同果形的种质资源调查中,共发现有10种果形,分别是扁圆形、圆形、近圆形、椭圆形、卵圆形、倒卵圆形、鸡心形、长椭圆形、圆柱形、束腰形。其中椭圆形果实所占比例最高,达到25.23%;束腰形、扁圆形变异度最高,分别是8.46%、8.09%。329 grape varieties(217 table varieties and 112 wine varieties)were selected in this experiment,to collect fruits at the ripening stage of grapes.The data of 7 fruit traits including single grain weight,volume,density,transverse and vertical diameter of fruits,hardness and soluble solids content were measured.Table grapes and wine grapes,Eurasian and American grapes,and Eurasian grapes with di erent fruit shapes were introduced.The correlation analysis of fruit traits and the comparison of variation degree were carried out.The results showed that in the comparative analysis of table grape and wine grape,the total variation degree of each character of wine varieties was higher than that of table grape varieties.The single grain weight and volume were biased normal distribution,and the density and hardness were normal distribution.There was a signi cant positive correlation among single grain weight,volume,transverse and vertical diameter,but the correlation between density and hardness was not signi cant.Among the varieties from Eurasia and America,the coe cient of variation of grapes from Euro-America was higher.In the investigation of grape germplasm resources with di erent fruit shapes,a total of 10 fruit shapes were found,which were oblate,circular,near-circular,elliptic,oval,oboval,chicken heart-shaped,long oval,cylindrical and waist-shaped.Among them,the proportion of elliptic fruit was the highest,reaching 25.23%,and the variability of waist-shaped and oblate was the highest,which were 8.46%and 8.09%,respectively.

关 键 词：葡萄 粒质量 体积 密度 纵横径 硬度 可溶性固形物 相关性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]