砂漏型岩溶地面塌陷防治原则和方法  

Principles and methods for preventing and controlling the hourglass-type karst ground collapse

作　　者：梁立刚 陈梁 刘建芳 LIANG Ligang;CHEN Liang;LIU Jianfang(Beijing Urban Construction Design&Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100037,China;Wuhan Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司,北京100037 [2]武汉地铁集团有限公司,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2019年第6期910-915,共6页Carsologica Sinica

摘　　要：武汉地区在近东西向的多个褶皱构造中分布有6条石灰岩条带是岩溶地面塌陷多发区。其岩溶地面塌陷可分为砂漏型、土洞型、真空吸蚀型等三种基本类型,每种类型有其特定的地质条件及对应的塌陷机理。文章重点对灾害后果最严重、防治难度最大的砂漏型塌陷的地质条件及塌陷机理进行了分析,认为地下水(岩溶水和孔隙水)渗流是导致砂漏发生的关键因素,其中岩溶水渗流是原始动力。基于此,认为设置帷幕截断岩溶水渗流是防治砂漏型塌陷的根治措施,并提出地铁车站和区间盾构防治砂漏型塌陷的原则和方法,取得了良好效果。There are 6 limestone belts trending in nearly EW trending fold structures in the Wuhan area,where karst ground collapse occurs frequently.Such failure can be divided into three basic types,i.e.hourglass type,soil cavity type and vacuum erosion type,each has its special geological conditions and corresponding collapse mechanism.As the disaster caused by hourglass-type collapse is the most serious and most difficult to control,this paper focuses on its geological conditions,collapse mechanism,prevention principles and methods.Analysis shows that the key factor to cause the hourglass is the groundwater(karst water and pore water)seepage,of which original power is the karst water seepage.Consequently,the fundamental measure to prevent hourglass collapse is to set up curtains to cut off karst water seepage.At last,the principles and methods of preventing and controlling the hourglass collapse of subway stations and section shield are proposed,which have attained good effects in practice.

关 键 词：地铁工程 岩溶地面塌陷 砂漏型 防治原则 武汉地区 

分 类 号：P642.26[天文地球—工程地质学]