饲料中添加不同油脂对草鱼生长、肌肉品质的影响  

Effects of Different Oils on Growth Performance and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp

作　　者：杨鑫 张正洲 刘瑜 王自蕊[1] 姜文灏 高淼 王颖 胡重华 张文平 周秋白[1] 宋明[1] YANG Xin;ZHANG Zheng-zhou;LIU Yu;WANG Zi-rui;JIANG Wen-hao;GAO Miao;WANG Yin;HU Zhong-hua;ZHANG Wen-ping;ZHOU Qiu-bai;SONG Ming(College of Animal Science,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2020年第1期164-173,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系项目(CARS-46);江西省现代农业协同创新计划专项(JXXTCX201602-02);江西省重点研发计划项目(20161ACF60020);江西省大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系项目(JXARS)~~

摘　　要：【目的】本试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同脂肪源对草鱼生长及肌肉品质的影响。【方法】以豆油、鱼油及二者混合后的油脂作为饲料脂肪源,分别设计含4%豆油、2%豆油+2%鱼油及4%鱼油的饲料。选取初始体质量为(1318.88±2.47)g的草鱼90尾,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,试验期为60 d。【结果】结果表明:(1)混合油组草鱼增重率显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05),豆油组增重率则与其他两组无显著差异(P>0.05),特定生长率(SGR)的结果与增重率(WGR)相同;肝体指数(HSI)以4%组鱼油组最低,显著低于4%豆油组(P<0.05),2%豆油+2%鱼油混油组介于二者之间,与其他两组均无显著性显著(P>0.05);3组试验鱼的腹脂率(IPF ratio)、肥满度(CF)、饲料系数(FC)均无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)背肌及腹肌中粗蛋白的含量皆以混合油组最高,显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),且鱼油组与豆油组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)(3)草鱼背肌及腹肌肌肉中所含的脂肪酸受饲料脂肪源影响,添加混合油或鱼油组的饲料喂养的草鱼肌肉中EPA与DHA的含量与豆油组相比均有显著提升(P<0.05),混合油组与鱼油组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。【结论】饲料中豆油和鱼油混合作为草鱼脂肪源,不仅可促进草鱼生长,较单纯使用豆油,还可显著提高肌肉中EPA、DHA的含量,达到提质增效的目的。[Objective]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different oils in the feed on the growth performance,muscle nutrition and fatty acid composition of grass carp.[Method]Feed contain⁃ing 4%soybean oil,2%soybean oil+2%fish oil and 4%fish oil was designed.90 grass carp(initial weight 1318.88±2.47 g)were randomly divided into 3 groups,and each group had 3 replicates.The experimental peri⁃od was 60 d.[Result]The results showed that:(1)the weight gain rate(WGR)of grass carp in the mixed oil group was significantly higher than that in the fish oil group(P<0.05),while the weight gain rate of the soybean oil group was not significantly different from that of the other two groups(P>0.05),the results of specific growth rate(SGR)were the same as WGR.The hepatosomatic index(HSI)of the 4%fish oil group was the low⁃est,significantly lower than that of the 4%soy oil group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference be⁃tween the two groups in the 2%soy oil+2%fish oil mixture group and the other two groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the intraperitineal fat ratio(IPF ratio),the condition factor(CF)and feed co⁃efficient(FC)of the three groups(P>0.05)(.2)The content of crude protein in the back muscle and abdominal muscle was the highest in the mixed oil group,significantly higher than in the other two groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the fish oil group and the soybean oil group(P>0.05).(3)The fatty acids contained in the back muscle and abdominal muscle of grass carp were affected by feed fat sources.The contents of EPA and DHA in grass carp muscles of the groups fed with mixed oil or fish oil were significantly higher than those in the muscles of the soybean oil group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the mixed oil group and the fish oil group(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The combination of soybean oil and fish oil in the feed as the grass fish fat source can not only promote the growth of grass carp,but also significantly in⁃crease t

关 键 词：草鱼 生长 肌肉品质 脂肪源 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S965.112[农业科学—水产养殖]