RNAi在抗蚊媒病毒感染中的研究进展  

Research progress in RNA interference against the infection of mosquito-borne viruses

作　　者：魏勇 何玉兰 郑学礼 Yong Wei;Yulan He;Xueli Zheng(Department of Pathogen Biology,School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院病原生物学系

出　　处：《遗传》2020年第2期153-160,共8页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号：31630011);广东省自然科学基金项目(编号：2017A030313625);广州市科技计划项目(编号：201804020084)资助~~

摘　　要：蚊媒病因具有较高的发病率和传播率使其成为全球关注的重要公共卫生问题。蚊虫作为蚊媒病的传播媒介,研究其与蚊媒病毒两者之间的相互作用机制将有助于蚊媒病的防控。蚊虫抵御蚊媒病毒的先天免疫降低和病毒成功逃避蚊虫免疫屏障为病毒在蚊虫体内的持续感染和蚊媒病的暴发流行造成了潜在风险。RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)途径作为蚊虫体内强大的抗病毒防御屏障,通过产生多种小RNA降解病毒RNA,从而达到抑制病毒复制和传播的目的。本文对小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)、微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、Piwi蛋白相作用RNA(Piwi-interacting RNA,piRNA)等3种小分子RNA在蚊虫体内发挥抗蚊媒病毒感染的先天免疫机制的相关研究进行了综述,以期为蚊媒病的防控提供理论参考。Mosquito-borne diseases have become an important public health issue of global concern because of their high incidence and transmission rate.As a vector for mosquito-borne diseases,studying the interaction mechanism between mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses will help control mosquito-borne diseases.The impaired innate immunity and immune barriers evasion caused by mosquito-borne viruses in mosquitoes pose a potential risk for the persistent infection of the virus in mosquitoes and the outbreak of mosquito-borne diseases.The RNA interference(RNAi)pathway,as a powerful antiviral defense barrier in mosquitoes,can inhibit viral replication and transmission by producing a variety of small RNAs to degrade viral RNA.In this review,we summarize the related studies on the innate immune mechanism against mosquitoborne virus infection in mosquitoes about small interfering RNA(siRNA),microRNA(miRNA),and Piwi-interacting RNA(piRNA),aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases.

关 键 词：蚊虫 蚊媒病毒 SIRNA MIRNA PIRNA 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]