基于无迹卡尔曼滤波的空间目标双星定位方法  

A Novel Bi-satellite Positioning Method for Spatial Targets Based on the Unscented Kalman Filter

作　　者：张宇[1] 夏鲁瑞 蔡博宇 ZHANG Yu;XIA Lurui;CAI Boyu(63757 Unit of People’s Liberation Army of China,Jiamus 154002,Heilongjiang,China;Space Security Research Center,Space Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63757部队,黑龙江佳木斯154002 [2]航天工程大学太空安全研究中心,北京101416

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2020年第1期38-43,62,共7页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

摘　　要：利用双星对空间目标的观测角进行目标定位,可以很好地避免地基探测系统探测弧段短的缺点。研究了基于动力学滤波的双星定位方法,介绍了无迹卡尔曼滤波的基本原理,建立了考虑地球非球形J2项引力摄动的空间目标动力学方程和基于无偏量测转换的双星观测方程。通过仿真比较两种滤波方法在相同条件下对目标的定位误差,可知无迹卡尔曼滤波方法在收敛速度和定位精度上均优于扩展卡尔曼滤波方法。Using two satellites to locate the observation angle of a spatial target could well avoid the disadvantage of short detection arc of the ground-based detection system.A bi-satellite positioning method based on dynamic filtering is studied,and the basic principle of the unscented Kalman filter(UKF)is introduced.The dynamic equation for a spatial target with the consideration of the non-spherical J2 gravitational perturbation of the earth and the bi-satellite observation equation based on unbiased measurement transformation are established.The positioning errors of the two filtering methods under the same conditions are compared by simulations.The results show that the UKF method is much better than the extended Kalman filter(EKF)method on both the convergence speed and the positioning accuracy.

关 键 词：空间目标 双星定位 动力学滤波 无迹卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]