从《列子》辨伪问题看古籍真伪之辨  

On the Authenticity of Ancient Books From the Copyright Issue of Lieh Tzuin

作　　者：舒鹏[1] SHU Peng(School of Liberal Arts,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系

出　　处：《延安大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期106-114,共9页Journal of Yan'an University (Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2019年度北京大学翁洪武科研原创基金项目

摘　　要：《列子》书的真伪问题,自唐以降聚讼纷纭,古今学者在辨伪方法上的不同是造成观点冲突的主要原因。事实上,一些常用的辨伪学方法其本身存在局限性,因此在判定古籍真伪上存在偏失。以"《列子》抄佛经"一说为例,真伪双方各持一端,矛盾攻讦,却往往忽视古籍在流传过程中的复杂情况。从古籍流传的复杂性角度看,《列子》之类的古籍极有可能是在流传过程中羼入后世语言文字、思想内容等,可称为驳书,而不可视为伪书。此外,古籍的真伪问题本不是"非黑即白"的判然对立,即便伪书也自有其价值,《列子》研究应更多专注于其文本本身价值。The authenticity of Lieh Tzuin has been in a great controversy since Tang Dynasty.The differences between ancient and modern scholars in the method of identifying fake ancient books are the main reasons for differences of opinion.In fact,some commonly used methods of identifying fake ancient books can not be completely reliable because of their inherent limitations.Taking the question of whether the Lieh Tzuin copied the Buddhist scriptures as an example,both sides of the debate stuck to their points firmly but ignored the complexity of the ancient books in the process of circulation.Given that the process of ancient books is complicated,later language and ideas are likely to be interpolated in ancient books including Lieh Tzuin.These books with inperpolation can be regarded as mixed books instead of pseudo graphs.Thus the question of the authenticity of ancient books can not be simplified,for an ancient book has considerable value even if it is a pseudo-book.In terms of research on Lieh Tzuin,modern scholars should focus more on the valuable aspects of the book.

关 键 词：《列子》 辨伪学 伪书 古籍 

分 类 号：B223.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]