旱田钵苗移栽机纵向送苗机构优化设计与试验  

Optimal Design and Experiment of Longitudinal Feeding-seedling Device of Potted Seedling Transplanter for Upland Field

作　　者：薛向磊 王磊 许春林[1] 周脉乐[1] 赵匀[1] XUE Xianglei;WANG Lei;XU Chunlin;ZHOU Maile;ZHAO Yun(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第2期76-84,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775104)

摘　　要：针对传统方法设计纵向送苗机构难度大,缺少适用于高效旱田钵苗移栽机的纵向送苗机构的问题,设计了一种棘轮连杆式钵苗移栽机纵向送苗机构。根据机构特点与旱田钵苗移栽纵向送苗要求,建立了运动学模型与优化目标,设计纵向送苗机构优化设计软件,得出满足设计要求的结构参数。建立了机构三维模型,试制了物理样机。根据软件优化结果,运用二次正交旋转中心组合试验方法对棘轮结构进行优化设计,以棘轮驱动面高度x1、棘轮定位面高度x2、取苗转速x3为试验因素,以送苗成功率y为试验指标,进行了参数优化试验,结果表明:x1=2.32 mm、x2=3.5 mm、x3=100 r/min时,送苗成功率达到99.85%。取x1=2.3 mm、x2=3.5 mm、x3=100 r/min进行验证试验,得出送苗成功率为99.17%,结果满足设计要求。Aiming at the difficulty of designing longitudinal seedling feeding mechanism of pot seedling transplanter by traditional method and the lack of efficient longitudinal seedling feeding mechanism of potted seedling transplanter for upland field,a longitudinal seedling feeding mechanism of ratchet-connecting rod pot seedling transplanter was designed.According to the characteristics of the mechanism and the requirement of longitudinal feeding-seedling for upland field,the kinematics model and mathematical optimization objective were established,and the software for optimum design of longitudinal seedling feeding mechanism was developed to obtain the structural parameters that met the design requirements.According to the software optimization,the horizontal value range of each factor was obtained,the three-dimensional model of the mechanism was established and the physical prototype was manufactured.The optimum design of ratchet structure was carried out and the quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test method was used to optimize the parameters with the success rate of seedling delivery as the test index,which taking the height of ratchet driving surface,the height of ratchet positioning surface and the speed of seedling harvesting as test factors.The results showed that expected success rate of seedling delivery was 99.85%,when x1=2.32mm,x2=3.5mm and x3=100r/min.To verify the test,setting up x1=2.3 mm,x2=3.5 mm and x3=100 r/min,the success rate of seedling delivery was 99.17%,which met the design requirements.

关 键 词：旱田 钵苗移栽机 纵向送苗机构 优化设计 试验 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]