某少数民族地区汉族与少数民族女大学生经前期综合征现状调查  

Investigation on status quo of premenstrual syndrome among female college students of Han nationality and minorities in a minority area

作　　者：张阔亮 苏娟[2] 郑苗[1] 余跃生 武江涛[2] 王丽华[3] ZHANG Kuoliang;SU Juan;ZHENG Miao;YU Yuesheng;WU Jiangtao;WANG lihua(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities,Duyun,Guizhou 558000,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学,贵州贵阳550002 [2]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,贵州都匀558000 [3]陆军军医大学第一附属医院,重庆400038

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2020年第5期647-650,共4页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：贵州省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(2017fdy58);贵州省黔南州科技产权局社会发展(卫生类)科技计划项目(黔南科合社字〔2016〕31号);黔南民族医学高等专科学校科研基金资助项目(QNYZ201613)

摘　　要：目的通过对贵州某少数民族高职医学校女大学生经前期综合征(PMS)相关因素的调查,分析其症状差异,探讨不同民族间高职医学校女大学生PMS发病及症状差异产生的原因,为有针对性地进行学生管理提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,运用自编基本情况问卷、采用John Bancroft编制的PMS诊断量表对贵州某高职院校996名女大学生(其中少数民族465人)的月经情况、社会环境因素及PMS常见症状进行问卷调查。结果该研究运用PMS量表,符合PMS诊断标准的有445人,发病率为44.7%。其中,少数民族女大学生PMS为222人,占少数民族女大学生总人数的47.7%,轻、中度均为39.2%,重度为21.6%。生理症状主要表现为乳房胀痛、腹胀腹泻、头痛或偏头痛及眼睑水肿;精神症状主要表现为注意力不集中、易激动、嗜睡、焦虑,主要影响因素是月经时心情是否舒畅、是否有痛经及学习压力等。结论高职院校汉族和少数民族女大学生PMS发生率均较高,应根据高职女大学生特点,特别是结合少数民族地区文化特点开展有针对性的心理保健活动、健康教育及促进活动。Objective To analyze the symptoms difference by conducting the investigation on the related factors of premenstrual syndrome(PMS)among female college students in a minority vocational medical school in Guizhou Province,to investigate the causes of differences in PMS onset and symptoms among different nationalities of female college students so as to provide a basis for conducting the targeted student management.Methods The cluster random sampling method was adopted.The questionnaire survey was conducted on the menstruation situation,social environmental factors and common symptoms of PMS among 996 female students in a vocational college of Guizhou Province(including 465 minority students)by using the self-compiled basic information questionnaire and John Bancroft PMS diagnostic scale.Results The study used the PMS scale,445 students met the diagnostic criteria of PMS,with the incidence rate of 44.7%.Among them,222 cases of PMS were female minority college students,accounting for 47.7% of the total number of female minority college students,in which the mild and moderate cases accounted for 39.2% respectively and severe cases accounted for 21.6% The main physical symptoms were breast swelling pain,abdominal distension,diarrhea,headache or migraine and eyelid edema.The mental symptoms were mainly manifested by inattention,agitation,lethargy and anxiety.The main influencing factors were whether the mood being comfortable during menstruation,whether there being dysmenorrhea,learning pressure,etc.Conclusion The incidence rate of PMS among Han and minority female students in higher vocational colleges is relative high,which should conduct the targeted mental health activities,health education and promotion activities based on the characteristics of female students in higher vocational colleges,especially in the combination of cultural characteristics of ethnic minority areas.

关 键 词：少数民族 医学生 女学生 经前期综合征 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]