环境因素对水稻淀粉特性的影响  

Deciphering the Environmental Impacts on the Starch Characteristics in Rice

作　　者：陶士博 李鸣晓[2] 徐铨 TAO Shi-bo;LI Ming-xiao;XU Quan(Liaoning Province Technology and Innovation Center,Shenyang 110168,China;Rice Research Institute,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省重要技术创新与研发基地建设工程中心,沈阳110000 [2]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,沈阳110866

出　　处：《北方水稻》2020年第1期1-7,共7页North Rice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0100500)

摘　　要：淀粉作为稻米胚乳中最主要的成分,其种类、含量及分子结构与水稻品质性状相关性密切。本研究以粳稻品种沈农265与籼稻品种沪恢99杂交后的F10代重组自交系群体为试材,探究环境因子对淀粉特性的影响。结果发现表观直链淀粉(AAC)、长分支支链淀粉(Fb3)以及抗性淀粉(RS)含量表现为沈阳>四川>深圳>江苏,而短支链淀粉(Fa)含量则是沈阳<四川<深圳<江苏,AAC、Fb3、RS含量越高,其Fa含量越低。淀粉特性与大部分环境因子相关性显著,AAC、Fb3以及RS含量基本与光照时间、昼夜温差、夜间温度呈正相关,与日平均温度、白天温度、夜间温度、空气相对湿度、夜间湿度呈负相关,Fa含量上与光照时间、昼夜温差、夜间温度呈负相关,与日平均温度、白天温度、夜间温度、空气相对湿度、夜间湿度呈正相关。Starch is the most important component in rice endosperm,and amylose is closely related to rice quality traits.Generally,the content of amylose in japonica rice is higher than that of indica rice.In recent years,research on resistant starch has also started.The upsurge,the research on the characteristics of rice starch is getting deeper and deeper.However,the reasons for the significant differences in rice starch characteristics remain to be further studied.In this study,we use the F10 generation inbred lines of the japonica rice variety Shennong-265 and the indica rice variety Luhui 99 as experimental materials to explore the effects of environmental factors on the starch characteristics of RILs and their relationship with Fi,to locate QTLs that regulate starch characteristics in different environment factors,to study the differences in starch synthase genotypes.We also analyz the relationship between starch characteristics,Fi and other quality of rice.The main results are as follows:1.On the content of apparent amylose(AAC),long-branched amylopectin(Fb3)and resistant starch(RS),it shows a consistent trend in Shenyang>Sichuan>Shenzhen>Jiangsu,while in short-chain the content of starch(Fa)shows the trend of Shenyang<Sichuan<Shenzhen<Jiangsu.Studies have shown that the higher the content of AAC,Fb3 and RS,the lower the content of Fa.2.On the whole,starch characteristics are significantly correlated with most environmental factors,and the expressions of apparent amylose(AAC)、long-branched amylopectin(Fb3)and resistant starch(RS)are basically the same,both have a positively correlated with light hour,daily range,night temperature and negatively correlated with air temperature,day temperature,night temperature,relative humidity,night humidity.In short-chain the content of starch(Fa)has a negatively correlated with light hour,daily range,night temperature and positively correlated with air temperature,day temperature,night temperature,relative humidity,night humidity.Under the influence of ecological environment fac

关 键 词：水稻 淀粉特性 环境因子 品质 

分 类 号：S161.2[农业科学—农业气象学]